生物可降解塑料废物的管理中的挑战和机遇:一篇综述
Namrata Mhaddolkar1,2, Thomas Fruergaard Astrup2,3, Alexia Tischberger-Aldrian1
1Chair of Waste Processing Technology and Waste Management (AVAW), Montanuniversität Leoben (MUL), Leoben, Austria.
概括
管理可生物降解塑料带来了挑战,因为各种类型和消费者困惑. 改善基础设施和明确的处置指南对于有效的可生物降解塑料废物管理和资源利用至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 政策研究 政策研究
背景情况:
- 可生物降解塑料提供了潜在的环境益处,但也带来了大量的废物管理挑战.
- 现有的文献缺乏对可生物降解塑料废物管理流程和立法支持的综合概述.
- 消费者对处置的困惑和制造商的绿色洗使有效的废物流分离复杂化.
研究的目的:
- 提供可生物降解塑料废物管理流程步骤的整体概述.
- 综合总结影响可生物降解塑料的欧盟 (EU) 和国家立法.
- 确定系统性挑战,并提供改善废物管理的建议.
主要方法:
- 文献审查侧重于可生物降解塑料废物管理过程.
- 对13个欧盟废物管理和循环经济法律进行比较分析.
- 审查13个国家的国家立法和来源分离指南.
主要成果:
- 低量和多种类型的可生物降解塑料阻碍了成本有效的基础设施开发.
- 消费者混乱和绿色洗阻碍了适当的处理,尽管它们被用作食品废物辅助.
- 缺乏全面的工业机械回收研究;欧盟立法提供有限的具体指导,国家处置方法存在差异.
结论:
- 有效的可生物降解塑料废弃物管理需要专门的加工和材料利用基础设施.
- 提高消费者意识和更清晰的监管框架对于适当的处置至关重要.
- 应对系统性挑战需要将国家指导方针与欧盟政策保持一致,并发展强大的回收能力.
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