使用来自牛津 Nanopore 的 MinION DNA 测序器识别非模型哺乳动物物种
Sara Velasquez-Restrepo1, Mariana Corrales Orozco1, Nicolás D Franco-Sierra2,3
1Natural Systems and Sustainability Area, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
PeerJ
|September 30, 2024
概括
牛津纳米孔技术 (ONT) 测序为重建小哺乳动物线粒体基因组提供了一个无原料的方法. 这种方法使得像新热带地区这样的生物多样性地区能够快速,准确地识别物种.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
- 纳税学是一种分类学.
背景情况:
- 新热带地区的物种丰富度很高,但许多小型哺乳动物物种尚未被描述或在形态上很难识别.
- 传统的物种鉴定分子方法需要特定的原始物,这些原始物往往无法用于非模型生物.
- 牛津纳米孔技术 (ONT) 为测序整个线粒体基因组提供了一个无原料的方法.
研究的目的:
- 评估专用ONT长读的实用性,用于重建来自多种非模型小型哺乳动物物种的线粒体基因组.
- 开发和比较使用ONT原始读取物种识别的计算管道.
- 评估在现场条件下应用该方法的可行性,以快速评估生物多样性.
主要方法:
- 在哥伦比亚收集小型哺乳动物 (动物,蝙蝠,有袋动物) 的实地采集.
- 使用ONT MinION和Flongle流细胞进行DNA测序.
- 使用定制生物信息学管道重建线粒体基因组和物种识别.
- 通过形态分析和植物遗传重建验证结果.
主要成果:
- 从独家ONT成功重建的线粒体基因组读取了18个物种中的24个个体.
- 产生了三个新的线粒体基因组和八个新的分子序列.
- 使用自动化管道,在短短5秒内实现了高达75%的个体的精确物种识别.
- 遗传学分析证实了管道识别,并为新热带小哺乳动物多样性知识做出了贡献.
结论:
- ONT测序是一种可行的方法,用于重建非模型生物体的线粒体基因组,而无需特定的原料.
- 开发的计算管道能够快速准确地识别物种,即使对于非专家分类学家来说也是如此.
- 这种方法在极其多样化的地区具有实时生物多样性表征的巨大潜力,支持保护工作.
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