为医学学生和医生实习生提出的营养能力:一个共识声明
David M Eisenberg1, Alexis Cole2, Edward J Maile3
1Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA network open
|September 30, 2024
概括
为医疗学员建立了36个营养能力的共识,以应对日益增加的与营养有关的疾病. 这些能力将被整合到医学教育和评估中,以改善患者的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 与营养相关疾病相关的医疗保健成本不断上升,需要改善医疗培训.
- 美国众议院第1118号决议 (第117届国会) 呼吁加强对医疗学员的营养教育.
- 医学专业组织承诺在2023年3月确定营养能力.
研究的目的:
- 为医学教育推基本的营养能力.
- 通过医生改善营养知识,增强患者和人口健康.
主要方法:
- 一项快速的文献审查从15篇文章 (2013年7月至2023年7月) 中确定了187个营养能力.
- 另外167个能力来自课程和专家创建的列表,共计354.
- 一个经过修改的Delphi过程,37名专家 (22名营养专家,15名项目主管) 参与了4轮投票,以达成共识.
主要成果:
- 为医学教育推36个营养能力:本科和研究生30个,仅为本科2个,仅为研究生4个.
- 关键主题包括基础知识,评估,沟通,公共卫生和特定疾病的治疗.
- 97%的小组成员 (36/37) 支持在许可证和董事会认证考试中评估这些能力.
结论:
- 这项研究建立了对36个美国医学生和医生实习生营养能力的共识.
- 实施需要机构优先级,课程整合和考试中的纳入.
- 这些能力对于改善营养护理和解决与营养有关的疾病负担至关重要.
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