微RNAs作为通常表达的生物标志物对萨尔科佩尼亚和脆弱性:一个系统的审查
Hyung Eun Shin1, Jae Young Jang2, Heeeun Jung3
1Department of Orthopaedics, Emory Musculoskeletal Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Experimental gerontology
|September 30, 2024
概括
分享的microRNAs (miRNAs) 在sarcopenia和脆弱性中显示出一致的表达模式. 这些发现表明miRNAs作为早期诊断和这些疾病进展监测的潜在生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 同时存在的sarcopenia和脆弱性比单独存在的任何一种情况都具有更大的健康风险.
- 了解结合性肉症和脆弱性背后的机制至关重要.
- 非编码RNA正在成为萨科佩尼亚和脆弱性的潜在生物标志物.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查通常在肉症和脆弱性中表达的非编码RNA.
- 为了确定预测的目标基因和与这些非编码RNA相关的生物途径.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Scopus) 进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2023年11月15日.
- 最初的检索结果为7202项研究;34项经过全文审查,最终包括15项 (11项与肉相关,4项与脆弱性相关).
主要成果:
- 在sarcopenia和脆弱性中,miR-29a-3p,miR-29b-3p和miR-328都被一致表达.
- 这些miRNAs调节TGF-β信号传递 (影响肌肉纤维化) 和Ca2+信号传递 (影响缓慢抽肌肉纤维生长).
- 其他miRNA如miR-155-5p,miR-486和miR-23a-3p也常被表达,尽管表达模式各异.
结论:
- 具有一致表达模式的共享微RNA (miRNA) 作为生物标志物具有前景.
- 这些miRNAs可以帮助早期诊断肉类和脆弱性.
- 一致的miRNA表达也可以帮助评估疾病进展.
相关概念视频
MicroRNAs
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
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Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...


