运动强度对双马站立射击表现和步枪运动在户外滚筒滑雪运动中的影响
Jørgen Danielsen1, Harri Luchsinger1, Anna Ravndal2
1Centre for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NORWAY.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
|October 1, 2024
概括
较高的运动强度会对两项运动的射击准确性产生负面影响,增加失误率,特别是在比赛速度方面. 这种效应部分是由于桶速度的增加,这表明在更高的强度下练习至关重要.
科学领域:
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 两项运动的表现分析
背景情况:
- 精英两项运动员面临着在生理压力下保持射击精度的挑战.
- 了解运动强度对射击表现的影响对于优化训练和比赛策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究不同的运动强度如何影响精英两项运动员的站立射击表现.
- 分析相关的技术变量,包括步枪运动和弹筒速度,在滑轮滑雪和现场射击期间.
主要方法:
- 十九名精英男双田径运动员进行了滚轮滑雪,随后在四种运动强度下进行了站立射击:休息,低,中和和比赛节奏.
- 使用电子目标,运动捕捉和加速度计测量了射击性能 (击中/错误,距离中心的距离) 和弹头速度.
- 调解分析检查了桶速度在运动强度和射击结果之间的关系中的作用.
主要成果:
- 与休息相比,增加运动强度显著增加了错过投篮的概率,特别是在"比赛节奏"和"最后一圈"的努力中.
- 从中心的距离 (dC) 也随着更高的运动强度而增加 (P < 0.001).
- 桶速度被确定为部分调解者,解释了由于运动强度而导致的部分性能下降.
结论:
- 运动强度显然对双马比赛中站立射击表现产生负面影响,主要是在高水平,类似于比赛的水平上.
- 观察到的性能下降部分是由增加的桶速度介导的.
- 训练的特异性表明,在更高的运动强度下进行更多的射击练习,以更好地为运动员准备比赛条件.
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