儿童虐待的父母历史和后代的依恋不安全和混乱:两个元分析
Aino Elina Sirparanta1, Camille Danner Touati2, Chantal Cyr3,4
1Laboratoire Paragraphe EA 349, Université Paris 8, France.
Trauma, violence & abuse
|October 1, 2024
概括
儿童虐待 (CM) 的父母历史显示,与后代的依恋不安全关系的联系很弱. 然而,该研究没有发现与依恋失调有显著的联系,这表明CM对代际依恋模式没有决定性作用.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 附着理论 附着理论
背景情况:
- 父母童年虐待 (CM) 是对后代不安全和无组织的依恋的已知危险因素.
- 代际创伤对儿童依恋的确切影响仍然不完全理解.
- 现有的研究表明存在潜在的联系,但这种联系的强度和性质需要进一步澄清.
研究的目的:
- 综合现有的关于父母CM病史与后代依恋不安全和失组织之间的关联的文献.
- 使用元分析量化这一代际传播的影响大小.
- 探索研究关系中的潜在调节因素和出版偏差.
主要方法:
- 进行了两个三级随机效应元分析.
- 包括25项研究,2592名参与者和61个效果大小.
- 分析了后代的依恋不安全和无组织,后代的年龄从12到79个月不等.
主要成果:
- 在父母的CM病史和孩子的依恋不安全感之间发现了一个微弱但具有统计意义的关联 (r=.06).
- 没有发现父母的CM史和儿童依恋失调之间有显著的关联 (r=.03).
- 在对依恋失调的元分析中观察到出版偏差的证据,在最近的研究中效果较弱.
结论:
- 父母自我报告的CM病史似乎不是儿童依恋不安全或无组织的决定性因素.
- 这些发现表明,需要对童年创伤的代际传播有更细微的理解.
- 建议采用客观测量家长CM暴露的进一步研究,以澄清对儿童依恋的代际影响.
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