听力损失,助听器和认知
Baptiste Grenier1, Claudine Berr2, Marcel Goldberg3
1Université Paris Cité, Inserm, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Paris, France.
JAMA network open
|October 1, 2024
概括
听力损失 (HL) 与认知障碍有关. 助听器的使用没有显著降低认知障碍的几率,除了抑郁症患者. 建议对中年患有HL的成年人进行认知功能监测.
科学领域:
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 以前关于听力损失 (HL) 和认知障碍的研究经常使用主观听力测量,并专注于单一的认知维度.
- 很少有研究使用客观措施研究助听器 (HA) 使用对认知功能的影响.
研究的目的:
- 客观地评估不同程度的听力损失与多个认知维度之间的关联.
- 评估助听器在减轻成人认知障碍方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 对包括45-69岁的成年人在内的CONSTANCES队列 (n=62,072) 的横截面分析.
- 听力损失 (HL) 的客观听力测量和5个认知测试的标准化电池.
- 多变量分析检查了HL严重程度,HA使用和全球认知障碍之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 轻度HL和致残HL都与全球认知障碍的几率增加显著相关.
- 助听器的使用与整体认知障碍的更低几率没有显著的关联.
- 在患有抑郁症的参与者中观察到一个例外,其中HA使用显示出认知障碍几率显著降低.
结论:
- 在中年成人中,听力损失的严重程度和全球认知障碍之间存在明显的关联.
- 一般来说,助听器的使用没有在这个群体中显示出对认知障碍的显著保护作用.
- 这些发现强调了监测听力损失患者的认知功能的重要性,并表明助听器在特定子组 (如抑郁症患者) 中具有潜在的益处.
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