邮政编码和邮政编码表格区的联系:流行病学研究中的偏见的影响.
Futu Chen1, Beau MacDonald2, Yan Xu1
1From the Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
|October 1, 2024
概括
建议在加入美国人口普查邮政编码表格区域 (ZCTA) 和邮政编码时使用十字路口连接方法,因为一对一的方法可能会排除弱势群体.
科学领域:
- 地理空间分析是什么?
- 公共卫生研究 公共卫生研究
- 数据链接方法论数据链接方法论
背景情况:
- 没有标准化的方法可以将美国人口普查邮政编码表格区域 (ZCTA) 与美国邮政编码表格区域 (ZCTA) 联系起来. 邮政服务邮政编码 (ZIP).
- 一对一的链接可以导致数据丢失,因为没有直接的ZCTA匹配的ZIP被排除在外.
- 交叉路口连接提供了一个解决方案,允许一个ZCTA映射到多个ZIP,防止数据排除.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较非十字路口与十字路口连接方法的结果,用于ZCTA和ZIP.
- 评估数据排除在一对一联系中的社会人口学影响.
- 评估链接方法对死亡率和医疗保险数据的影响.
主要方法:
- 非十字路口和十字路口连接策略的全国和加利福尼亚特有的比较.
- 利用通用添加模型来分析 ZCTA 中的社会人口结构和不匹配的 ZIP 之间的关系.
- 从死亡率和医疗保险数据集中检查的数据.
主要成果:
- 在全国范围内,15%的 ZCTA 包含不匹配的 ZIP,这些 ZIP 在大都市核心中更为普遍,并且与较低的社会经济地位和非白人人口有关.
- 在加利福尼亚州,34%的死亡ZIP和25%的医疗保险ZIP有不匹配的ZCTA.
- 这些不匹配的ZIP占总数据的很小比例 (死亡率为0.03%,保险为0.44%).
结论:
- 十字路口链接和使用ZCTA作为分析单元得到了研究结果的支持.
- 一对一的联系可能会引入偏见,不成比例地排除服务于弱势群体的邮政编码.
- 虽然可能有偏见,但受一对一联系影响的人口规模似乎很小.
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