为什么虫病毒保留需要更多的注意:模拟虫行为和病毒操纵在非持久植物病毒传播中的模型
Elin K Falla1, Nik J Cunniffe1
1Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
PLoS computational biology
|October 1, 2024
概括
虫传播非持续传播 (NPT) 植物病毒. 新的模型表明,病毒诱导的植物变化和虫探测行为显著影响NPT病毒传播和控制策略.
科学领域:
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 昆虫与植物的相互作用
背景情况:
- 非持续传播 (NPT) 植物病毒依赖昆虫载体,主要是虫,进行传播.
- 虫病毒的相互作用是暂时的,因为虫口腔部 (风格) 上的病毒保留时间很短.
- NPT病毒操纵宿主植物表型以改变虫的行为,优化传播,但模型经常忽视虫探测期间的病毒损失.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新的流行病学模型,将虫行为和病毒损失动态纳入其中.
- 探索NPT病毒诱导的宿主植物表型如何影响流行病结果.
- 将新模型的预测与现有的流行病学模型进行比较.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个区间流行病学模型,以行为为基础的虫分散率和传染性损失率.
- 包括传染性虫在病毒消失之前探测多种植物的能力.
- 根据各种NPT病毒诱导的表型场景,将模型结果与以前的模型进行比较.
主要成果:
- 以前的模型从根本上有所不同,并低估了"吸引和威"植物表型的好处.
- 虫探测行为和病毒损失动态显著改变了流行病的轨迹.
- 允许每个虫多个感染探针增加了疾病发生率和病毒操纵效率.
结论:
- 在虫探测期间对病毒保留的特征对于准确的NPT病毒流行病学至关重要.
- 新模型为了解NPT病毒传播提供了更现实的框架.
- 这些发现对预测植物病毒流行病和设计有效的控制策略具有重要意义.
相关概念视频
00:50What are Viruses?
Overview
00:56Viral Structure
Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
01:30Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the lytic replication...
01:16Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle
The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects its...