印度的高血压:一种基于性别的研究,研究了患病率和相关的危险因素
Raza Mohammad1, Dhananjay W Bansod2
1International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India. razamdiips@gmail.com.
BMC public health
|October 1, 2024
概括
高血压影响了22.6%的印度人,男性和老年人患高血压的比例更高. 关键的风险因素包括年龄,城市生活,肥胖和酒精消费,需要有针对性的公共卫生干预措施.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心血管疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- 高血压是全球死亡的主要原因,印度面临着这种非传染性疾病的巨大负担.
- 在全球范围内,高血压占死亡人数的很大一部分,这凸显了应对高血压的紧迫性.
- 印度庞大的人口在管理和预防高血压方面提出了独特的挑战,高血压是一种通常被称为无声杀手的疾病.
研究的目的:
- 分析印度各地基于性别的高血压患病率.
- 确定与印度人口高血压相关的关键风险因素.
- 利用国家家庭健康调查-5 (NFHS-5) 的数据进行综合分析.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自NFHS-5的15岁及以上的1,708,241名个人数据.
- 利用描述性统计来确定流行率和二进制物流回归来识别预测因素.
- 在印度所有州和联邦领土收集了标准化血压测量结果.
主要成果:
- 印度的整体高血压患病率为22.6%,男性 (24.1%) 患病率高于女性 (21.2%).
- 患病率随着年龄的增长而显著增加,在60岁及以上的人群中达到48.4%,在城市地区更高.
- 风险因素包括年龄增长,城市居住,某些宗教,定性部落地位,更高的财富五分位数,酒精消费,超重/肥胖和高葡萄糖水平.
结论:
- 高血压在印度是一个重大的健康挑战,影响两性,年龄是主要的预测因素.
- 虽然男性的整体患病率略高,但老年女性患高血压的几率更高.
- 解决肥胖,酒精使用等可改变的风险因素以及改善健康教育对于印度高血压控制至关重要.
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