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寿命延长是否与肠道微生物群参与脂质代谢有关?

Sára Šardzíková¹, Marta Gajewska², Norbert Gałka²

¹Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.

FEMS microbiology ecology

|October 2, 2024

概括

肠道细菌通过改变脂质代谢来影响衰老. 长寿小鼠有更多的Bacteroides物种,这些物种将胆固醇转化为胆固醇硫酸盐,可能会改善健康.

科学领域:

微生物学微生物学
衰老研究研究衰老研究
代谢学代谢学代谢学

背景情况:

生物衰老与身体构成的变化以及神经活性类固醇激素的减少有关,例如脱水氨硫酸 (DHEAS).
肠道微生物群在调节宿主新陈代谢方面发挥作用,并可能通过GABA信号传递等途径影响衰老过程.

研究的目的:

调查肠道微生物群组成与小鼠寿命之间的关联.
分析肠道细菌在胆固醇硫酸盐代谢中的功能作用,这是DHEAS的前身.

主要方法:

使用16S rRNA和元基因组测序来描述肠道微生物群.
代谢途径预测,薄层染色学和MALDI-TOF质谱学用于胆固醇硫酸盐的识别和量化.
进行了相关性分析,以将微生物组成与宿主表型和代谢途径联系起来.

主要成果:

不同的细菌种类与不同的寿命有关; Bacteroides 在长寿小鼠中丰富,而 Odoribacter 和 Colidextribacter 则是特定于短寿小鼠的.
确定了特定性别的细菌预测寿命,男性的Rikenella和Alloprevotella,女性的Lactobacillus和Bacteroides.
长寿小鼠表现出巴氏菌种丰富度与脂质/类固醇激素代谢之间的强烈正相关性,以及GABAergic突触通路与体重之间的负相关性.

结论:

增加特定肠道细菌的丰富性,特别是Bacteroides物种,与老鼠的寿命延长有关.
细菌类物种拥有合成胆固醇硫酸盐的遗传机制,这种途径在长寿个体中显著上调.
调节肠道微生物群,特别是通过Bacteroides增强胆固醇硫酸盐的产生,可能是通过脂质代谢改善衰老的治疗策略.

关键词:

细菌菌菌类的存在身体重量体重体重胆固醇硫酸盐胆固醇硫酸盐是一种我们的肠道微生物组.寿命长度寿命长度长寿长寿是一个问题.

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