对SPARC托卡马克中子诊断系统的概述
P Raj1, J L Ball2, J Carmichael1
1Commonwealth Fusion Systems, 117 Hospital Road, Devens, Massachusetts 01434, USA.
The Review of scientific instruments
|October 2, 2024
概括
中子测量对于SPARC托卡马克核聚变功率监测和等离子物理研究至关重要. 诊断系统的设计为高精度,宽动态范围和快速响应时间,以满足苛刻的项目目标.
科学领域:
- 核聚变工程 核聚变工程
- 等离子体物理学 诊断 诊断
- 中子子测量技术的技术.
背景情况:
- 中子测量对于SPARC的托卡马克操作至关重要,包括核聚变功率监测,燃烧等离子体物理研究和机器保护.
- 由于严格的不确定性目标 (10%的核聚变能),广泛的动态范围要求 (>8个数量级),以及压缩的开发时间表,开发SPARC中子诊断提出了挑战.
研究的目的:
- 介绍SPARC中子诊断的设计目标.
- 详细介绍正在进行的中子学研究,探测器选择,原型和集成.
- 突出四个子系统的工程特点和现场校准方法.
主要方法:
- 四个子系统正在开发中:流量监测器 (电离室,比例计数器),薄膜激活系统,辐射中子相机和磁性质子反弹光谱仪.
- 这些系统利用来自屏蔽诊断端口的高流量DT和DD等离子中子.
- 综合系统的目标是实现时间 (10毫秒),空间 (~7厘米) 和能量 (在14 MeV下<2%) 的高分辨率.
主要成果:
- 介绍了四个集成中子诊断子系统的初步设计.
- 目前正在进行的研究重点是中子学,检测器性能比较和原型设计.
- 讨论了工程细节和现场校准概念,以便无地集成到SPARC.
结论:
- SPARC中子诊断器的设计旨在满足聚变电力和等离子体物理研究的苛刻性能要求.
- 多个子系统的方法确保了冗余性和高分辨率测量.
- 初步设计和正在进行的研究为成功部署和运营铺平了道路.
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