在巴西怀孕和早产期间暴露于空气污染
Weeberb J Requia1, Julia Placido Moore1, Jun Yang2
1Center for Environment and Public Health Studies, School of Public Policy and Government, Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
|October 2, 2024
概括
暴露于PM2.5,NO2和O3等空气污染物增加了巴西早产风险. 调查结果突出了区域差异和需要公共卫生干预措施来保护孕妇.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 生殖流行病学 生殖流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 环境空气污染是怀孕不良结果的公认危险因素.
- 之前的研究还没有充分探讨巴西不同地区和怀孕三季度的特定污染物 (PM2.5,NO2,O3) 的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同怀孕季度暴露于PM2.5,NO2和O3与早产风险之间的关联.
- 分析这些协会在巴西五个不同的地区.
- 为有针对性的公共卫生干预提供数据.
主要方法:
- 利用后勤回归模型来估计早产的几率比率 (OR).
- 调整以考虑混因素,包括母亲的年龄,教育程度和社会经济地位.
- 分析了2001年至2018年间巴西超过990万活产儿的数据,来源于卫生部.
主要成果:
- 在PM2.5的1-μg/m3增加与0.26%的早产风险在全国范围内增加有关.
- 二氧化的增加与所有三个月的早产风险显著增加有关 (第一季度7.26%,第二季度8.05%,第三季度7.48%).
- 臭氧 (O3) 暴露在第一个 (1.24%) 和第二个 (1.51%) 三季度与早产风险有积极的关联,在第三季度的趋势不显著.
结论:
- 环境空气污染对巴西的早产风险产生重大影响,区域差异显著.
- 调查结果强调迫切需要公共卫生战略,以减少怀孕期间的空气污染暴露.
- 有针对性的干预措施至关重要,特别是在被确定为最容易受到这些环境风险影响的地区.
相关概念视频
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics
237
Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla. Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla. Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
237
Asthma-I: Introduction
2.6K
Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
2.6K
Teratogenicity
2.4K
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
2.4K
Types of Toxins
1.6K
Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
1.6K
Breathing
58.9K
The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
58.9K


