患有ADHD和睡眠障碍的儿童和青少年的临床特征
Giulia Lazzaro1, Paolo Galassi1, Valeria Bacaro2
1Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
|October 2, 2024
概括
经历睡眠障碍 (SD) 的注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 儿童表现出较差的适应性行为,学业表现和情绪调节. 在ADHD中识别SD可以突出特定的临床需求并指导干预.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 临床精神病学 临床精神病学
背景情况:
- 睡眠障碍 (SD) 在患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童和青少年中很普遍.
- 现有的研究承认SD对幸福感的负面影响,但缺乏ADHD与SD的详细临床概况.
- 了解这种并发症对于有效的临床管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在有睡眠障碍和没有睡眠障碍的儿童和青少年中全面描述ADHD的临床表现.
- 确定受ADHD和SD同时发生影响的特定功能领域.
- 探索SD和ADHD临床特征之间的独立关系.
主要方法:
- 对136名被诊断患有ADHD的儿童和青少年 (6-14岁) 的电子健康记录进行了回顾性审查.
- 根据家长报告问卷,参与者被分为具有SD的ADHD (n=42) 和没有SD的ADHD (n=94) 组.
- 使用标准化措施评估适应性行为,学业表现,多动症症状和情绪/行为困难.
主要成果:
- 在ADHD与SD组的概念和实践适应性行为领域,ADHD与SD组的得分明显较差.
- 在ADHD与SD组中,学术表现缺陷 (文本理解,写作) 和注意力缺失增加.
- 情绪/行为挑战,特别是情绪/情绪调节和压力,在ADHD和SD的儿童中更为明显.
结论:
- 睡眠障碍与ADHD的独特临床特征有关,影响了适应性功能,学术和情绪调节.
- 在ADHD中存在SD可能表明特定的脆弱性领域,并为诊断和治疗策略提供信息.
- 解决睡眠问题对于改善儿科多动症的整体结果至关重要.
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