长期冲突期间的弹性和应对能力:对一般人口和疏散人员人口的比较分析
Hadas Marciano1,2, Shaul Kimhi3,4, Yohanan Eshel5,6
1Stress and Resilience Research Center, Tel-Hai Academic College, Kiryat Shmona, Israel. hmarcia1@univ.haifa.ac.il.
Israel journal of health policy research
|October 2, 2024
概括
在2023年以色列-哈马斯冲突中撤离的难民报告说,与一般人口相比,他们的恢复力,希望和士气较低,痛苦程度更高. 政府的支持是疏散人员恢复能力的关键,而对一般人口来说,希望至关重要.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 2023年哈马斯对以色列的袭击引发了一场影响国家安全的冲突,导致了广泛的内部流离失所.
- 撤离人员面临着关于返回和财产安全的不确定性,创造了一个独特的心理背景.
- 这项研究考察了撤离人员的心理健康和弹性,与一般人口的冲突后启动相比.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较以色列撤离人员和一般人口之间的社会弹性 (SR),社区弹性 (CR),个人弹性 (IR),希望,士气,痛苦症状和感知危险的水平.
- 为了确定每个群体的弹性不同的预测因素.
- 为受影响人群提供有针对性的干预信息.
主要方法:
- 结构化的自我报告问卷在线向两个组进行了管理:一般希伯来语成年人 (N=1,360) 和疏散者 (N=372).
- 数据收集发生在2024年1月至3月之间,即冲突开始几个月后.
- 关键措施包括弹性 (SR,CR,IR),希望,士气,痛苦症状 (焦虑,抑郁) 和感知到的危险.
主要成果:
- 与一般人群相比,撤离人员的SR,CR,希望和士气较低,同时患有更高的痛苦症状和感知到的危险.
- 个人弹性 (IR) 没有显示群体之间的差异,但预测的结果是对撤离人员的独特结果.
- 对于一般人群来说,希望是主要的SR预测因素,而对于撤离者来说,政府的支持是关键;对于这两者来说,CR是第二个最有影响力的预测因素.
结论:
- 疏散人员经历了持续冲突造成的不成比例的严重影响,需要量身定制的支持.
- 对于撤离人员来说,适应战时的日常生活更具挑战性,这凸显了需要不同的政策方法的需要.
- 承认疏散人员之间的异质性对于有效的,特定于子组的干预和支持至关重要.
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