澳大利亚人如何管理诊断测试风险? 与行为变化模型相关的焦点小组
Tomas Rozbroj1, Catriona Parker1, Romi Haas1
1School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
概括
非专业的澳大利亚人认为自己是诊断测试风险的有能力的谈判者,但他们的理解受到卫生专业人员和个人经验的影响. 改善风险沟通对于明智决策至关重要.
科学领域:
- 卫生沟通健康沟通
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 医疗决策的制定 医疗决策的制定
背景情况:
- 关于诊断测试风险的有效沟通对于公众的知情决策至关重要.
- 了解非专业人士对测试风险的看法对于制定有针对性的沟通策略至关重要.
- 以前的研究对个人如何理解和管理诊断测试风险的洞察力有限.
研究的目的:
- 探索澳大利亚平民对诊断测试风险的看法.
- 研究个人如何在实践中谈判和管理这些风险.
- 识别影响风险感知和诊断测试决策的因素.
主要方法:
- 对61名澳大利亚成年人 (18岁以上) 进行了12个半结构化的在线焦点小组.
- 探索了对诊断测试的态度,与之相关的风险,以及使用假设场景的风险管理策略.
- 分析了主题,对年龄和性别差异进行了亚分析,并将发现映射到COM-B行为变化模型.
主要成果:
- 确定了六个主题,详细介绍了参与者如何感到赋权,但也承认来自卫生工作者的影响,个人经验和结构因素.
- 该COM-B模型强调了促进健康的机会,并确定了诸如狭的风险概念和过度估计个人影响力的障碍.
- 在风险谈判和管理方面观察到年龄和性别差异.
结论:
- 调查结果提供了一个关于测试风险的新,详细的描述,与行为变化模型相关.
- 这项研究直接告知了诊断测试的风险/益处沟通改进的发展.
- 洞察力将塑造医疗测试的以患者为中心的决策工具.
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