在多类图像分类中使用COVID-19和肺炎的胸部X射线图像来量化不确定性
Albert Whata1, Katlego Dibeco1, Kudakwashe Madzima2
1Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley, South Africa.
Frontiers in artificial intelligence
|October 3, 2024
概括
与传统贝叶斯神经网络相比,具有不确定性量化 (UQ) 的深度神经网络,特别是贝叶斯神经网络集团和蒙特卡洛脱落集团,在对COVID-19,肺炎和正常病例的胸部X射线分类方面表现出卓越的性能.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 计算机科学 计算机科学
背景情况:
- 胸部X射线图像的准确分类对于诊断COVID-19和肺炎等呼吸道疾病至关重要.
- 不确定性量化 (UQ) 对于在关键医疗保健应用中可靠的AI决策至关重要.
- 贝叶斯神经网络 (BNN) 和具有UQ的深度神经网络 (DNN与UQ) 是提高模型信心的先进技术.
研究的目的:
- 研究和比较各种UQ技术在胸部X射线图像多类分类中的有效性.
- 评估贝叶斯神经网络 (BNN) 与具有UQ的深度神经网络 (DNN与UQ) 的性能方法.
- 确定哪些UQ技术为医学图像分析提供了更高的可靠性和可解释性.
主要方法:
- 贝叶斯神经网络 (BNN) 的实施和评估.
- 使用DNN与UQ技术的应用,包括蒙特卡罗脱落,集体贝叶斯神经网络 (EBNN) 和集体蒙特卡罗 (EMC) 脱落.
- 跨多个评估指标的比较分析,如UAcc,UAUC-ROC和COVID-19,肺炎和正常胸部X射线分类的Brier分数.
主要成果:
- 使用UQ方法的DNN,特别是EBNN和EMC丢失,在所有测试的指标中始终优于标准BNN.
- 在0级与所有 (92.6% UAcc,95.0% UAUC-ROC,0.157屏障评分) 中,EBNN取得了高绩效.
- 在第1类与所有类 (83.5% UAcc,95.8% UAUC-ROC,0.165屏障得分) 中,EMC Dropout表现出强的结果.
结论:
- 与UQ技术相结合的DNN,特别是EBNN和EMC脱落,与BNN相比,提供了更高的准确性,辨别能力和概率预测.
- 这些先进的UQ方法显著提高了用于胸部X射线分类的AI模型的可靠性和可解释性.
- 这些发现支持在关键医疗应用中采用DNN与UQ,这些应用需要可靠的医学图像分析.
关键词:
贝叶斯神经网络是一个贝叶斯神经网络.蒙特卡洛合唱团 蒙特卡洛合唱团蒙特卡洛学的人胸部X射线 - 胸部X射线 - 胸部X射线分类指标分类指标.多个类别的分类分类.不确定性量化深度神经网络的神经网络.更多相关视频
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