在衰老过程中认知灵活性的元分析:从功能网络和横向化的角度来看
Haishuo Xia1, Yongqing Hou1, Qing Li1
1Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Human brain mapping
|October 3, 2024
概括
认知灵活性随着年龄的增长而下降,显示大脑网络激活的改变. 老年人在一些网络中增加了活动,但在视觉网络中活动减少,观察到特定的横向化模式.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 认知灵活性对于适应行为至关重要,通常随着年龄的增长而下降.
- 与年龄相关的认知衰退与大脑区域激活的变化有关.
- 以前的研究缺乏关于衰老,认知灵活性和大规模大脑网络激活的元分析.
研究的目的:
- 在认知灵活性任务中对脑网络激活的年龄相关变异进行元分析.
- 识别特定的功能网络和与衰老中的认知灵活性相关的侧面化模式.
- 为老年人提供网络层面的认知灵活性变化的理解.
主要方法:
- 多级核密度分析,以确定年龄组之间的不同激活模式.
- 侧面化分析以评估激活差异的空间分布.
- 用蒙特卡洛模拟进行统计显著性的变换试验.
主要成果:
- 年长的成年人显示在默认模式,背部注意力,腹部注意力和体运动网络中的激活增加.
- 在老年人视觉网络中观察到活化减少.
- 在全球和网络内发现激活区域减少的左侧化;激活增加显示了多样化的侧化.
结论:
- 多个功能网络有助于与年龄相关的认知灵活性变化.
- 老化的大脑在认知灵活性任务中显示网络依赖的激活和横向化模式.
- 这一元分析提供了基于网络的新见解,了解衰老中的认知灵活性.
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