化学抗原受体-T细胞疗法病毒化:潜伏和偶然的病毒感染
Eleftheria Kampouri1, Gemma Reynolds2, Benjamin W Teh2,3,4
1Infectious Diseases Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Current opinion in infectious diseases
|October 3, 2024
概括
病毒感染是化学抗原受体 (CAR) -T细胞治疗后的一个主要问题. 了解病毒流行病学和改善预防对于更好的患者结果和生存率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 感染,特别是病毒感染,是接受仿真抗原受体 (CAR) -T细胞治疗的患者非复发性死亡的主要原因.
- 病毒感染在输液后的早期和晚期都会发生,严重影响患者的治疗结果.
研究的目的:
- 在CAR-T细胞治疗后审查病毒感染的流行病学.
- 讨论预防和管理这种患者群体中的病毒感染的关键方法.
主要方法:
- 专注于病毒感染后CAR-T细胞治疗的文献综述.
- 对流行病学趋势和临床管理策略的分析.
主要成果:
- 疹病毒在早期阶段占主导地位;在高风险群体中越来越多地发现了细胞巨乳病毒 (CMV) 反激活,包括BCMA-CAR-T细胞治疗接受者和服用皮质类固醇的人.
- 虽然CMV的再激活很少导致末端器官疾病,但它与死亡率的增加有关,因此需要评估其长期影响.
- 人类疹病毒-6 (HHV-6) 是一个新兴的问题,症状与神经毒性重叠,需要在病毒性脑炎的差异诊断中考虑.
- 呼吸道病毒是最常见的晚期感染,特别是在BCMACAR-T细胞治疗后.
- 疫苗接种对于预防呼吸道病毒至关重要,但可能在CAR-T细胞治疗后降低了免疫性,因此需要进一步研究最佳疫苗接种策略.
结论:
- 对病毒流行病学有更深入的了解,对于改善感染预防实践至关重要.
- 需要进行进一步的临床试验,以优化预防策略,并改善接受CAR-T细胞治疗的患者的治疗结果.
相关概念视频
01:40Cell-mediated Immune Responses
Overview
01:27Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...