时间到COVID-19疫苗接种根据语言和原产国
Margaret B Nolan1, Ella Chrenka1, Malini B DeSilva1
1HealthPartners Institute for Medical Education and Research, Bloomington, Minnesota.
JAMA network open
|October 3, 2024
概括
除英语以外的主要语言患者的COVID-19疫苗接种率较低,接种剂量延迟. 这些发现强调语言是疫苗公平的关键因素,并为服务不足的人群提供有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 众所周知,在COVID-19疫苗接种中存在种族和民族差异.
- 主要语言对COVID-19疫苗接种的影响仍然不太清楚.
- 了解语言障碍对于解决健康差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 根据初级语言分析COVID-19初级系列疫苗接种和强剂的时间.
- 根据原产国调查COVID-19疫苗的使用情况.
- 识别与语言相关的疫苗接种和及时性方面的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 对超过100万个6个月或以上的患者进行了回顾性队列研究.
- 从服务于明尼苏达州和威斯康星州西部的医疗保健系统收集的数据 (2019年7月-2023年6月).
- 使用多变量Cox比例危险回归的时间到事件分析,以评估初级语言,原产国和疫苗接种之间的关联 (初级系列,第一代助推剂,双价助推剂).
主要成果:
- 与英语说者相比,非英语主要语言的患者对主要系列 (56.9%),第一代增强剂 (47.5%) 和双价增强剂 (26.2%) 的覆盖率明显较低.
- 非英语的主要语言与所有疫苗类型的吸收率较低有关 (AHRs从0.65到0.85不等).
- 与美国出生的患者相比,非美国出生的患者显示了较高的初级系列摄入量,但与美国出生的患者相比,类似的增强剂摄入量.
结论:
- 主要语言不是英语的患者体验了更低的覆盖率和延迟接收COVID-19疫苗.
- 主要语言是疫苗接种的一个重要因素,表明需要语言特异性干预措施.
- 解决语言障碍对于改善疫苗公平和减轻健康差异至关重要.
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