相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 15, 2026

10:32
Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
Published on: April 23, 2014
精神分裂症谱系障碍患者和不同疾病持续时间的认知长期变化:元分析
Lars de Winter1,2,3, Auke Jelsma2, Jentien M Vermeulen2
1Phrenos Center of Expertise, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
The Journal of clinical psychiatry
|October 3, 2024
概括
这次元分析发现,精神分裂症谱系障碍 (SSD) 的认知能力有所改善,特别是在疾病早期. 年龄较小和症状严重程度较低等因素影响了这些认知收益.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症谱系障碍 (SSD) 与显著的认知缺陷有关.
- 了解疾病过程中的认知变化对于开发有效干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估SSD患者在不同疾病持续时间 (DOI) 的认知变化.
- 确定影响SSD认知轨迹的因素.
主要方法:
- 一个对57项纵向研究的元分析,随访时间至少为1年.
- 用10个领域的效果大小来评估认知变化.
- 根据DOI (<5,5-10,>10年) 和其他调节器进行了子组分析.
主要成果:
- 观察到边际的整体认知改善 (d=0.13),口头记忆,处理速度,视觉记忆,执行功能和语言技能都有小幅提高.
- 在DOI<10年患者中,改善最为显著.
- 年轻的患者,女性,没有精神分裂症诊断的患者,接受过高等教育,负面症状严重程度较低的患者的认知变化更为有利.
结论:
- 在SSD中,适度的认知改善主要是在精神病早期阶段观察到的.
- 未来的研究应该针对特定子组的认知干预及其对其他生活领域的影响.
相关概念视频
Classification of Illness
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe and...
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe and...
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within the...
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within the...
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation. For...
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those diagnosed.
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...

