人的唾液海帕兰硫酸盐的多样性
Charlotte B Spliid1, Sanjay Mehta2,3, Mark M Fuster3,4
1Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0687, United States.
Glycobiology
|October 3, 2024
概括
这是唾液的唾液.
科学领域:
- 口腔微生物学和免疫学
- 病毒学和传染病学.
- 葡萄糖生物学和葡萄糖胺氨基酸甘油.
背景情况:
- 口腔和上呼吸道是SARS-CoV-2传播的关键早期地点.
- 唾液的成分可能会影响对SARS-CoV-2感染和下呼吸道传播的易感性.
- 肝硫酸盐是一种糖氨基氨基甘油,是已知的病毒进入的共同受体.
研究的目的:
- 分析唾液中的肝硫酸盐含量和成分.
- 为了研究唾液海帕兰硫酸盐与SARS-CoV-2感染状态之间的相关性.
- 为了探索与年龄相关的变化和COVID-19对唾液海帕兰硫酸盐的影响.
主要方法:
- 招募了98名参与者,按年龄,性别,种族和COVID-19历史分层.
- 分析了唾液海帕兰硫酸盐度和组成.
- 检查了唾液细菌16S rRNA,以评估具有硫酸修饰能力的微生物.
主要成果:
- Salivary heparan 硫酸盐度随着年龄的增长而增加,显示出很高的变化.
- 之前的SARS-CoV-2感染与海帕兰硫酸盐中整体硫化和N-硫黄糖胺的增加相关.
- 老年人 (>60岁) 的唾液细菌数量减少,预计会改变硫酸肝.
结论:
- Salivary heparan sulfate 的含量和成分在不同个体和随着年龄的增长而显著变化.
- COVID-19 感染会改变唾液中肝硫酸盐的组成,特别是硫化模式.
- 唾液微生物组与年龄相关的变化可能会影响口腔中的肝硫酸盐水平.
相关概念视频
Glycosaminoglycans
4.7K
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), also known as mucopolysaccharides, are long and linear polymers comprising of specific repeating disaccharides - the amino sugar that can be N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine, and a uronic acid that is usually glucuronic acid or iduronic acid.
GAGS are found in the extracellular matrix of vertebrates, invertebrates, and bacteria. Due to their polar nature they attract water, and serve as excellent lubricants or shock absorbers in an animal body.
Hyaluronic...
GAGS are found in the extracellular matrix of vertebrates, invertebrates, and bacteria. Due to their polar nature they attract water, and serve as excellent lubricants or shock absorbers in an animal body.
Hyaluronic...
4.7K
Salivary Glands and Saliva
508
The salivary glands, of which there are three pairs known as the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, play a crucial role in maintaining oral health and initiating the digestive process. Positioned near the ears, beneath the masseter muscle, the parotid glands secrete saliva into the oral cavity through the parotid duct of Stensen. Meanwhile, the submandibular glands, located on the floor of the mouth, secrete saliva through channels named submandibular ducts. The sublingual glands,...
508
Proteoglycans
3.9K
Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
3.9K
Oligosaccharide Assembly
2.8K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
2.8K
Protein Glycosylation
6.8K
Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
Glycosylation occurs in...
6.8K
Glycocalyx and its Functions
3.7K
The glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-rich, fuzzy-appearing layer on the outer surface of the cell membrane. It is highly hydrophilic, because of this it attracts large amounts of water to the cell's surface. This aids the cell's interaction with the watery environment and also helps it to obtain substances dissolved in the water. It is also important for cell identification, self/non-self determination, and embryonic development and is used in cell-to-cell attachments to form tissues.
3.7K


