相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 11, 2025

03:48
Restraint to Induce Stress in Mice and Rats
Published on: December 6, 2024
1.1K
压力激素会影响选择吗? 对HPA轴和/或SAM系统中药理干预措施的系统审查
Luis Felipe Sarmiento1, Jorge Alexander Ríos-Flórez2, Fabio Alexis Rincón Uribe3
1BiotechMed Center, BME Lab, Multimedia Systems Department, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications, and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk 80-233, Poland.
Social cognitive and affective neuroscience
|October 3, 2024
概括
压力反应系统的药理学调制影响决策. 虽然同情 - 上腺 - 骨髓系统刺激没有显示任何效果,但其抑制可能会降低损失敏感度. 下丘脑-垂体-上腺轴刺激对风险决策产生了时间依赖的影响.
科学领域:
- 神经内分泌学神经内分泌学
- 决策神经科学 决策神经科学
- 心理药理学 心理药理学
背景情况:
- 垂体-垂体-上腺 (HPA) 轴和交感-上腺髓 (SAM) 系统是神经内分泌应激反应的关键途径.
- 假设这些系统能够在各种环境中影响决策过程.
- 了解它们的药理学调制对于认知和情感神经科学至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关药理操纵HPA轴和SAM系统对决策的影响的证据.
- 评估特定的HPA轴和SAM系统兴奋剂和抑制剂对各种决策领域的影响.
- 在这些影响中识别潜在的调节者,如时间,剂量和性别.
主要方法:
- 系统的文献搜索产生了6375个参考文献,其中17项研究符合纳入标准.
- 对缺少结果数据,测量偏差和选择性报告的偏差风险评估.
- 对使用皮质,皮质,约欣宾,雷博克塞丁和普罗兰醇的研究进行分析.
主要成果:
- SAM系统刺激没有影响风险厌恶,损失厌恶或时间间选择.
- SAM系统的抑制显示出对损失的敏感度的潜在降低.
- HPA轴刺激对损失厌恶或奖励预期没有影响,但对处于风险的决策表现出时间依赖的影响.
- 结合HPA轴和SAM系统刺激产生了不一致的结果,可能是由于剂量和性别差异.
结论:
- SAM系统的药理调制对核心决策参数的影响有限,对损失厌恶有初步影响.
- HPA轴调制显示了在风险下对决策的时间依赖影响.
- 未来的研究应该调查这些神经内分泌系统对决策行为的微妙,时间,剂量和性别依赖的影响.
相关概念视频
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis
59.6K
The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
59.6K
Physiological Foundation of Stress
48
Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
48
Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle
86
Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
86
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease
26
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
26
Stress Response System
68
The stress response system, also known as the fight-or-flight response, is the body's automatic physiological reaction to perceived threats. Hans Selye introduced the concept of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) to describe the predictable pattern of changes that occur in response to stress. GAS consists of three sequential stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. This model helps explain how chronic stress can contribute to health problems.
Alarm stage
In the alarm stage, the body's...
Alarm stage
In the alarm stage, the body's...
68
Psychological Responses to Stress
46
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
46

