正常但不同:在标准化语言测试中得分在正常范围内的自闭症青少年在自发话语中经常产生语言不规则
Emily R Zane1, Ruth B Grossman2
1Communication Sciences & Disorders, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, USA.
Autism & developmental language impairments
|October 4, 2024
概括
自闭症儿童和青少年比非自闭症同龄人产生了更多的语言不规则,特别是语义不规则,即使在语言测试中得分相似. 标准化测试可能无法完全捕捉自闭症语言使用中的这些微妙差异.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断不再需要语言障碍.
- 自闭症患者可能存在微妙的语言差异,尽管在标准化测试中得分典型.
- 标准化语言测试可能无法捕捉自闭症说话者的所有语言变异.
研究的目的:
- 研究自闭症和非自闭症儿童和青少年之间的语言差异.
- 为了确定自发语言样本是否显示了标准化测试所忽略的不规则.
- 分析自闭症语言中的语义和形态语法不规则.
主要方法:
- 招募了38名参与者 (19名自闭症患者,19名非自闭症患者),年龄在10-18岁.
- 确保所有参与者在标准化语言和智商测试中得分在正常范围内.
- 分析了来自"双面试"的自发语言样本,以检测语义和形态语法不规则.
主要成果:
- 自闭症参与者比非自闭症参与者产生了明显更多的语言不规则.
- 语义上的异常是群体不规则差异的主要驱动因素.
- 标准化语言测试成绩没有预测不规则的频率.
结论:
- 标准化语言测试可能会低估自闭症个体的语言差异.
- 语言使用中的语义差异可能是自闭症语言的特征,即使在那些具有典型测试成绩的人中也是如此.
- 需要进一步的研究来区分潜在的语言障碍和自闭症中偏爱的语言风格.
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