休息是否重要 - - 肌肉强度和大小在持续和定期阻力训练之间的适应
Eeli J Halonen1, Idda Gabriel2, Milla M Kelahaara3
1Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
定期抵抗训练 (PRT) 和持续抵抗训练 (CRT) 产生类似的肌肉力量和体型增长. 在PRT期间短暂的训练休息并不妨碍长期的力量发展,因为在重新训练后,肌肉适应性迅速恢复.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 肌肉生理学 肌肉生理学
背景情况:
- 了解训练中断对肌肉适应的影响对于长期的炼坚持至关重要.
- 定期抵抗训练 (PRT) 涉及交替训练和解除训练阶段,与持续抵抗训练 (CRT) 相反.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较PRT与CRT对未经训练的个体肌肉强度和大小的影响.
- 为了研究强度和肌肉大小适应的可逆性,在PRT程序中进行脱训期间后.
主要方法:
- 55名健康,未受过训练的参与者被随机分为PRT (10周训练,10周解训,10周再训练) 或CRT (20周持续训练) 组.
- 在监督下,每周两次进行全身抵抗训练.
- 测量包括一次重复最大 (1RM) 的腿按压和双肩曲,反运动跳跃 (CMJ) 高度,以及巨大的横向肌肉和双臂肌肉的横截面积 (CSA) 通过超声波.
主要成果:
- 无论是PRT还是CRT组,肌肉强度,体积和跳跃高度都显著增加,整体适应性在两组之间没有差异.
- 在10周的脱阶段,PRT组的力量和体型下降.
- 在重新训练阶段,与CRT组的早期训练周相比,PRT参与者在力量和肌肉大小方面获得了更快的初步增长.
结论:
- 定期抵抗训练和持续抵抗训练导致可比的长期肌肉力量和体型适应.
- 短期的训练时间似乎不会对终身力量训练的整体结果产生负面影响,因为适应能力可以很快恢复.
- 个人可以放心,偶尔的训练休息不太可能破坏力量训练计划的重大进展.
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