使用多个实例学习的声学COVID-19检测
IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics
|October 4, 2024
概括
一个机器学习工具分析咳和语音以检测COVID-19,提供了一个低成本,快速的诊断替代方案. 这种方法通过整合各种音频信号和患者数据,实现了92.2%的准确性.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 由于COVID-19的流行,需要快速和广泛的诊断测试.
- 传统的测试方法可能耗时且昂贵,限制了可访问性.
- 机器学习 (ML) 为低成本,可扩展的基于音频的诊断提供了一个潜在的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估基于ML的诊断工具,用于使用音频记录检测COVID-19.
- 通过DiCOVA挑战建立ML算法之间的可比性.
- 通过结合多种音频模式和患者元数据来提高诊断准确度.
主要方法:
- 使用了Coswara数据集,包括咳,言语,呼吸和母音发音记录.
- 采用在短音频间隔上预训练的基本ML模型.
- 实施了多个实例学习 (MIL) 模型,用于分析更长的记录.
- 应用了线性回归和其他融合方法,将DiCOVA挑战的融合类别的不同声音模式的预测结合起来.
主要成果:
- MIL方法提高了模型的通用性,在聚变类别中获得AUC ROC得分为86.6%.
- 结合持续的元音发音和患者元数据显著改善了性能.
- 最终的模型实现了92.2%的诊断准确度得分.
结论:
- 基于音频的ML分析是COVID-19查的一种有希望的,具有成本效益的方法.
- MIL方法有效地利用更长的音频录音来提高诊断准确度.
- 整合各种数据源,包括新的声音模式和元数据,进一步提高了ML诊断性能.
相关概念视频
01:05Difference from Background: Limit of Detection
The limit of detection (LOD) is the smallest amount of analyte that can be distinguished from the background noise. The LOD value corresponds to the concentration at which the analyte signal is three times larger than the standard deviation of the blank signal. Below this value, the analyte signal cannot be differentiated from the background noise. It is calculated by dividing the calibration slope by 3 times the standard deviation of the blank signals.
The LOD indicates the presence or absence...
The LOD indicates the presence or absence...
01:21Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...