使用生命周期评估评估,评估金头 (Sparus aurata) 的替代料配方的环境可持续性
Maria Vittoria Tignani1, Enrica Santolini2, Giulia Secci1
1Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Via delle Cascine 5, 50144 Firenze, Italy.
The Science of the total environment
|October 4, 2024
概括
可持续的水产养殖料替代品,如家禽副产品 (PMB) 和昆虫幼虫 (Tenebrio molitor,Hermetia illucens),比传统的鱼粉提高了环境性能. 这些新材料减少了鱼生产对生态的影响.
科学领域:
- 水产养殖营养和可持续性 水产养殖营养和可持续发展
- 环境科学与生命周期评估
- 动物料技术 动物料技术
背景情况:
- 水产养殖的增长需要可持续的料解决方案,因为环境和道德问题而远离鱼粉和鱼油.
- 传统的肉食鱼类料,如金头海 (Sparus aurata) 带来了生态挑战,包括生态系统失衡和资源枯竭.
- 开发替代性料成分对于减少水产养殖产生的环境足迹至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估和比较使用家禽副产品 (PMB),Tenebrio molitor (TM) 和Hermetia illucens (HI) 幼虫作为蛋白质来源的三种新型水配方的环境影响.
- 评估这些替代性料与传统鱼粉和鱼油料对金头海的环境可持续性.
- 确定关键的环境热点,并为可持续的水产料生产提出改进建议.
主要方法:
- 采用了一个摇篮到门的生命周期评估 (LCA) 方法,使用1公斤产品的功能单位.
- 使用OpenLCA软件和Ecoinvent v3.7.1数据库进行环境影响评估.
- 该研究重点关注料成分和最终配方的生产和运输阶段.
主要成果:
- 与传统的鱼粉料相比,所有测试的替代料配方都表现出与传统的鱼粉料相比具有可比或优越的环境性能.
- 温室气体排放量显著减少:PMB-f减少66%,TM-f减少33%,HI-f减少29% (每公斤CO2eq).
- 在替代料生命周期内确定了关键的环境热点,为进一步优化提供了途径.
结论:
- 整合诸如家禽副产品和昆虫幼虫等创新成分可以显著提高水产养殖料生产的环境可持续性.
- 该研究提供了有价值的数据,以指导水产养殖环境友好的料配方的选择.
- 通过优化投入材料和能源效率,可以在生产替代水产料方面实现进一步的改进.
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