引力对物体感知高度的影响.
Björn Jörges1, Nils Bury2,3, Meaghan McManus2,4
1Center for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada. bjoern_joerges@hotmail.de.
NPJ microgravity
|October 4, 2024
概括
长期太空飞行改变了宇航员对物体高度的看法,即使在返回地球后也会导致低估. 没有观察到直接的微重力效应,但视觉感知中的晚出现的变化需要太空旅行者的意识.
科学领域:
- 人类的感知人类的感知.
- 太空飞行生理学空间飞行生理学
- 视觉空间认知 视觉空间认知
背景情况:
- 变化的重力环境,如微重力,可以显著影响感官感知,包括尺寸感知.
- 以前的研究表明,姿势变化和微重力影响视觉感知,但对物体高度感知的发现仍然不一致.
研究的目的:
- 调查姿势的变化和长期的微重力暴露如何影响对象高度的视觉感知.
- 评估这些感知偏差是否与判断精度的变化有关.
- 探索这些感知变化的潜在性别/性别差异.
主要方法:
- 宇航员 (n=12) 和地球控制器 (n=20) 在模拟走廊中执行了一个虚拟物体大小匹配任务.
- 宇航员在国际空间站 (ISS) 扩展任务之前,期间和之后完成了任务,在直立和仰卧姿势中完成了任务.
- 通过仰卧控制模拟的微重力,会议间隔以反映宇航员测试时间表.
主要成果:
- 没有检测到微重力对物体感知高度的直接影响.
- 宇航员始终低估了对象的高度相对于触觉参考,估计在返回后的60多天内显著减少.
- 没有观察到判断精度的显著差异;对照参与者仅在最初的会议中表现出 posture-dependent 效应.
结论:
- 对于微重力对物体高度感知的急性影响,不需要立即采取对策.
- 太空旅行者应该被告知视觉感知技能可能出现的晚期和持续变化.
- 姿势依赖的效应,可能与模拟的眼睛高度有关,可能为观察到的感知变化提供一个统一的解释.
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