怀孕期间每天吸烟,怀孕时间和出生体重;基于登记册的研究
Rolv T Lie1,2, Maria C Magnus3, Håkon K Gjessing4,3
1Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. rolv.lie@uib.no.
BMC pregnancy and childbirth
|October 4, 2024
概括
怀孕期间每天吸烟可以显著减少妊娠时间超过三天. 虽然吸烟会影响出生体重,但吸烟的影响更为明显,这表明除了尼古丁之外还有其他因素.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 围产儿医学 围产儿医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 吸烟是一种无烟烟草产品,在斯堪的纳维亚国家普遍存在,生育年龄的妇女越来越多地使用它.
- 怀孕期间持续吸烟与不良妊娠结果有关.
- 区分偶尔和日常吸烟的使用对于理解吸烟的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计母亲吸烟频率与妊娠时间长度之间的关联.
- 为了确定母乳吸烟对出生体重的影响.
- 为了比较吸烟与吸烟对怀孕结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用挪威医疗出生登记处的2020-2021年怀孕数据.
- 采用定量回归来分析吸烟使用与孕期长度/产后体重之间的关联.
- 调整为母亲的年龄,怀孕前的体重和平价,并基于母亲吸烟和吸烟的结果进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 在最后三个月内每天吸烟与中位数减少3.4天的妊娠时间有关.
- 在最后三个月内,每天吸烟时,出生体重的中位数减少了44克.
- 与非吸烟者相比,每天吸烟的母亲的孕期长度明显缩短 (2.1天减少) 和出生体重降低 (294克减少).
结论:
- 在怀孕的最后三个月中,每天吸烟与妊娠时间的显著减少有关.
- 吸烟会影响胎儿的出生体重,虽然不如吸烟那么严重,这表明香烟中的其他成分可能对胎儿的生长更有害.
- 这些发现表明,尼古丁以外的其他因素,如有毒化学物质或吸烟导致的氧气供应减少,在抑制胎儿生长方面起着更大的作用.
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