美国避孕药使用的流行病变化:全国调查估计显示人口亚组的显著差异
William G Axinn1, Brady T West1, Heather M Schroeder1
1Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Contraception
|October 5, 2024
概括
COVID-19大流行改变了避孕措施的使用,西班牙裔妇女和老年人 (41岁以上) 不太可能停止使用避孕措施. 这些变化凸显了卫生政策的转变如何影响不同人口的生殖行为.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 社会人口统计学 社会人口统计学
背景情况:
- COVID-19 流行病带来了前所未有的公共卫生挑战.
- 在大流行期间同时发生的危机有可能显著改变与生育相关的行为.
- 了解避孕药使用的变化对于公共卫生规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查COVID-19大流行开始后,避孕药使用的个体特定变化.
- 在疫情期间识别避孕使用行为的人口差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了美国家庭健康研究 (AFHS) 的数据,这是对美国生育率 (2020-2022) 的全国代表性网络调查.
- 分析了来自1357名女性识别受访者 (年龄在18-49岁) 的性别和避孕措施的事件历史日历.
- 在26274个人月的数据上使用个人级别的危险模型来检测开始和停止避孕的变化.
主要成果:
- 在开始避孕时没有观察到与大流行有关的显著变化.
- 在特定的子组中发现了停止避孕的显著减少.
- 西班牙裔女性在停止避孕的几率下降了71%,使他们的行为与其他群体保持一致.
- 与年龄较小的年龄组相比,41岁及以上的个人在停止避孕的几率下降了78%.
结论:
- 大规模的公共卫生政策变化,例如COVID-19大流行期间的政策变化,可以大大影响避孕药的使用.
- 流行病对避孕行为的影响在种族,种族和年龄人口统计学上有所不同.
- 这些发现强调了健康危机,政策和个人生殖选择之间的复杂相互作用.
相关概念视频
Birth Control Methods
209
Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although...
209
Cross-Sectional Research
11.3K
In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
11.3K
Longitudinal Research
11.9K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
11.9K
Relationship Formation
39.9K
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
39.9K
Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System
5.6K
The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
5.6K
Panic Disorder
47
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
47


