来自基于小麦的轮换与不同类型的豆类作物的土壤二氧化排放
K Liu1, P V F Machado1, S Lin1
1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1 Airport Road, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada.
Journal of environmental management
|October 6, 2024
概括
在小麦轮换中包括豆类作物,如豆和豆,可以显著减少氧化 (N2O) 的排放,并提高作物的弹性,特别是在半干旱地区. 这些轮换为缓解气候变化提供了一种可持续的农业实践.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
背景情况:
- 缓解气候变化需要低温室气体 (GHG) 足迹的农业实践.
- 在谷物轮换中的豆类作物可以通过生物固定 (N) 来改善环境质量,减少合成N肥料的需求.
- 包括豆类作物可能会减少农业系统中氧化 (N2O) 的排放.
研究的目的:
- 评估一个半干旱地区在4年的时间内累积的N2O排放量和排放强度.
- 评估将豆类作物 (豆类,豆,小豆) 纳入基于小麦的转换对N2O排放和作物表现的长期影响.
- 为了在不同降水条件下比较小麦-小麦 (WW),豆麦 (PW),豆-小麦 (LW) 和小-小麦 (CW) 的旋转.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项为期四年的实地研究 (2018-2021),评估了四种作物旋转:WW,PW,LW和CW.
- 在两个完整的两年旋转周期中,以谷物计量累积的N2O排放和N出口.
- 在低于正常降水条件下分析数据,包括过去两年的干燥条件.
主要成果:
- 孔子小麦和豆小麦轮换出口的谷物中N数量最高 (平均为133公斤N ha-1).
- PW和LW旋转始终实现了最低的N2O强度 (平均每公斤出口N2.8gN2O-N).
- 连续小麦 (WW) 的累积N2O排放量和N2O强度最高,N2O出口在干旱年减少. 小小麦 (CW) 的N出口量最低,并且不适应干旱条件.
结论:
- 在小麦轮换中包括豆或豆是半干旱地区环境可持续的做法.
- 这些基于脉冲的旋转有效地减少了N2O排放,并提高了在干燥条件下小麦产量的弹性.
- 通过将豆类作物整合到以谷物为基础的系统中,可以实现可持续的农业强化.
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