卵泡刺激激素甜味:碳水化合物结构如何影响激素的生物功能
Alfredo Ulloa-Aguirre1, Regina Llamosas2, James A Dias3
1Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, National University of Mexico-Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
Archives of medical research
|October 6, 2024
概括
卵泡刺激激素 (FSH) 的异质性影响其在不孕症治疗中的临床应用. 了解FSH的结构功能,包括重组形式,对于有效的辅助生殖疗法至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生殖内分泌学 生殖内分泌学
- 葡萄糖生物学 葡萄糖生物学
- 蛋白质化学 蛋白质化学
背景情况:
- 卵泡刺激激素 (FSH),或卵泡热素,由于其蛋白质-碳水化合物组成和附加的甘氨酸的变化,表现出分子异质性.
- 这种异质性,包括宏异质性 (寡糖链缺失) 和微异质性 (糖结构变异),影响FSH的生物活性.
- 在不孕症治疗中,FSH在临床上对刺激卵巢卵泡生长和成熟至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 综述利热的结构-功能相关性,强调其碳水化合物部分的作用.
- 讨论FSH糖化酶的生理和生物重要性.
- 检查用于辅助生殖的复合人类FSH制剂的特性.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于垂体FSH和复合FSH制剂.
- 分析与FSH糖化相关的结构功能关系.
- 对各种FSH化合物的药理动力学和药理动力学数据的讨论.
主要成果:
- 宏观和微观的FSH异质性源于甘氨酸的组成和结构.
- 重组FSH制剂虽然具有与原生FSH相同的初级结构,但由于生产过程,可能会表现出改变的糖化样式.
- 糖基化显著影响FSH的药理动力学和生物活性,影响治疗疗效.
结论:
- FSH的糖化形状对于其生物活性和在不孕症治疗中的临床有效性至关重要.
- 了解FSH异质性对于优化使用自然存在的和重组的叶芽素制剂至关重要.
- 重组FSH疗法需要仔细考虑其糖化模式,以确保可预测的药理动力学和药理动力学.
相关概念视频
01:22Target Cell Response to Hormones
3.0K
Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
3.0K
01:19Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism
776
Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
776
01:20Folliculogenesis
638
Folliculogenesis is the development of ovarian follicles, the specialized structures within the ovarian cortex where oogenesis, or egg development, occurs. This process is essential for female reproductive health and begins during fetal development when primordial follicles are formed. Each primordial follicle comprises a primary oocyte in the center, surrounded by a single layer of squamous pre-granulosa cells. These follicles remain dormant in late prophase I of meiosis until triggered by...
638
01:30Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle
438
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
438
01:18Functions of Thyroid Hormones
2.6K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
2.6K
01:30Membrane Carbohydrates
5.3K
The plasma membrane is a dynamic barrier composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. It is the epicenter of many cellular processes required for cell growth and survival. Carbohydrates have unique structural and chemical properties that help the plasma membrane to carry out its functions effectively.
Membrane carbohydrates do not have any hydrophobic region and are exclusively located on the cell's outer surface. The addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins happens in...
Membrane carbohydrates do not have any hydrophobic region and are exclusively located on the cell's outer surface. The addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins happens in...
5.3K