一个系统的审查和牛层面影响牛奶尿素和尿输出的因素的元分析,在牧场为基础的饮食下
Mancoba C Mangwe1, Winston A Mason2, Charlotte B Reed3
1Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Journal of dairy science
|October 6, 2024
概括
这项元分析发现,虽然原蛋白等饮食因素影响奶牛的尿素 (MUN) 和尿 (UN) 产量,但研究之间的显著差异限制了准确的预测. 建议在未来基于牧场的研究中使用一致的测量协议.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 奶牛养殖面临着减少其环境足迹的压力,特别是 (N) 损失.
- 尿路N (UN) 是乳制品系统中排放的重要来源.
- 对于影响牧场乳制品产量的因素,相比于限制系统,对影响牧场乳制品产量的因素的研究是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 调查管理,饮食和动物变量与牛奶尿素 (MUN) 度和牧场乳制品系统中每日UN产量的关联.
- 描述 MUN 和 UN 输出之间的关系.
- 评估动物,管理和饮食因素对 MUN-UN 关系的影响.
主要方法:
- 通过使用来自32篇关于哺乳期奶牛养草地食的数据库的95个观察结果进行了元分析.
- 采用多层次的混合元分析回归技术来分析数据,考虑到出版物内部和出版物之间的异质性.
- 包括饮食原蛋白 (CP) 含量,N-to-ME比率,N摄入量和干物质摄入量 (DMI) 在内的变量被评估为与 MUN 和 UN 输出相关.
主要成果:
- 饮食中的CP含量和N-ME比率解释了MUN最多的变化 (分别为33%和31%),在多重回归中与N摄入量相结合时增加到40%.
- 对于联合国的输出,饮食中CP含量 (66.1%),N-ME比率 (64.0%),N摄入量 (58.3%) 和MUN (43.5%) 解释了最大的差异.
- 出版物之间的大量异质性 (73.4%的MUN,88.6%的联合国) 限制了元分析的预测能力.
结论:
- 虽然饮食因素与 MUN 和 UN 输出有显著的相关性,但在研究中存在相当大的差异,这阻碍了基于牧场的系统的准确预测.
- 牛奶尿素,N摄入量和DMI被确定为与联合国输出相关的关键因素.
- 建议在未来对牧场乳制品系统的研究中采用一致的方法来测量和报告MUN和UN产量,以提高可比性和减少异质性.
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