对治疗头癌的免疫疗法的审查
J W Goetz1, G Rabinowits2, N Kalman1
1Oral Medicine, Oral Oncology and Dentistry, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, Florida, USA.
Journal of dental research
|October 7, 2024
概括
免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 正在改变头癌的治疗方法. 需要进一步的研究来优化免疫疗法方案,并解决口腔先发性病变和牙科护理.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
- 头部和部癌症 头部和部癌症
背景情况:
- 免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 显著改善了头部和部状细胞癌 (HNSCC) 的治疗结果.
- 复发性HNSCC的传统第一线治疗包括金,5-甲和 cetuximab.
- 布罗利祖马布,一个ICI,现在被批准为一线治疗基于编程死亡配体1 (PD-L1) 表达.
研究的目的:
- 审查免疫疗法在头癌管理中的不断变化的作用.
- 确定需要进一步临床试验和免疫治疗方案标准化的领域.
- 强调需要关于牙科护理和口腔免疫相关不良事件的管理的指导方针.
主要方法:
- 审查目前的临床试验和涉及免疫治疗的HNSCC治疗范式.
- 对免疫疗法方案的生物标记驱动个性化的分析.
- 对口腔前恶性病变的免疫治疗现有数据的检查.
主要成果:
- 包括pembrolizumab和nivolumab在内的ICI在HNSCC和相关疾病中显示出有效性.
- 像PD-L1这样的生物标志物,瘤突变负担和微卫星不稳定性是个性化治疗的关键.
- 一项II期试验显示,使用尼沃卢马布治疗口服前恶性病变的2年无癌症生存率为73%,因此需要进行更大规模的研究.
结论:
- 进一步的临床试验对于完善生物标志物驱动的免疫治疗方案,标准化病理方法和优化治疗顺序至关重要.
- 迫切需要免疫治疗方案来解决口腔前性病变,以及免疫治疗期间对牙科评估和护理的指导方针.
- 标准化的诊断和口腔护理协调策略是必要的,以最大限度地发挥免疫治疗在头癌的好处.
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