玉米的污点对自我和交叉授粉以及真菌入侵有不同的反应
Kevin Begcy1, Mariana Mondragón-Palomino2, Liang-Zi Zhou2
1Environmental Horticulture Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Plant physiology
|October 7, 2024
概括
玉米丝对自我授粉,不相容的花粉和真菌病原体的反应不同. 的入侵引发了比不相容的授粉更强的防御反应,重编程丝细胞壁.
科学领域:
- 植物生物学 植物生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 开花植物利用花粉管进行繁殖,通过母体组织到达卵子.
- 玉米 (Zea mays L.) 丝,延长的印,为花粉管和真菌菌透提供了一个独特的途径.
- 了解丝对不同入侵者的反应对于植物繁殖和抗病能力至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较玉米丝对自我授粉,不相容的花粉和两个不同的真菌病原体的反应.
- 为了阐明丝转录组在入侵时重新编程的共同点和差异.
- 为了研究底层的分子机制花粉管增长停止和植物防御激活.
主要方法:
- 在玉米丝上对花粉管和真菌菌生长行为的比较分析.
- 在不同的授粉和感染条件下对丝的转录基因组测序 (RNA-Seq).
- 基因表达分析侧重于防御,细胞壁和转录因子通路.
主要成果:
- 自我授粉主要激活丝中的衰老基因.
- 不相容花粉 (Tripsacum dactyloides) 降低了补水,微管和细胞壁基因的调节,导致生长停止.
- Fusarium graminearum感染强烈激活防御基因 (NAC,WRKY) 和单醇生物合成,而Ustilago maydis引起的反应较弱.
- 不兼容的授粉和真菌感染都会诱导丝细胞壁的转录重编程,病原体入侵激活植物生物合成.
结论:
- 玉米丝对各种入侵者表现出不同的转录反应,区分自我授粉,不相容授粉和真菌感染.
- 真菌病原体,特别是Fusarium graminearum,比不相容的花粉产生更强大的防御机制.
- 丝细胞壁的组成和防御途径在应对生殖和病原性挑战时被动态调节.
相关概念视频
01:20Monohybrid Crosses
Overview
01:18Dihybrid Crosses
Overview
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01:21Frequency-dependent Selection
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01:49Law of Segregation
When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
02:27Trihybrid Crosses
Trihybrid Crosses
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The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...