与肯尼亚海岸神经发育障碍相关的社会医学因素
Patricia Kipkemoi1,2,3, Jeanne E Savage2, Joseph Gona1
1Neuroscience Unit, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, P.O Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|October 7, 2024
概括
环境因素,如出生并发症,显著增加了肯尼亚儿童神经发育障碍 (NDD) 的风险. 认识到这些风险可以指导干预和发育查,以便早期检测.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 神经发育障碍 (NDD) 包括自闭症,智力障碍和多动症等疾病,在早期发育过程中出现.
- 虽然遗传和环境因素有助于NDD,但非洲的环境风险数据仍然有限.
- 这项研究的重点是确定环境对肯尼亚儿童NDD的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查肯尼亚儿童与神经发育障碍 (NDD) 相关的环境风险因素.
- 为了比较患有NDD的儿童和通常发育的儿童之间的环境影响.
- 为潜在的预防干预和发育查策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 采用病例控制研究设计,将被诊断为NDD的儿童与典型发育的儿童进行比较.
- 数据来自肯尼亚海岸的两个不同的研究:基利菲自闭症研究和NeuroDev研究.
- 风险因素分析使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归,包括调整模型.
主要成果:
- 在基利菲自闭症研究样本中,低毒性缺血性脑病变和怀孕期间的医疗并发症显示了NDD的显著几率比率.
- 劳动和分娩并发症,新生儿黄和怀孕期间的感染是NeuroDev研究样本中的关键风险因素.
- 经过调整后的分析显示,3岁前的发作和分娩并发症是主要的风险因素,而更高的性别平等,更年长的儿童年龄和家庭分娩与降低风险有关.
结论:
- 识别关键风险因素,如分娩并发症,对于制定有针对性的预防干预措施至关重要.
- 需要进一步研究NDD的病因,包括以人口为基础的样本中的基因环境相互作用.
- 这些发现可以指导该地区风险儿童的发育查和监测.
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
74
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
74
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
80
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
80
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
47
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
47
01:28Human Genetics
540
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
540
01:27Introduction to Developmental Psychology
216
Developmental psychology explores the changes and continuities in human abilities throughout life, encompassing physical, cognitive, linguistic, and social dimensions. Human development is not restricted to growth, but includes aspects of decline, particularly in physical abilities as individuals age. Developmental psychologists seek to understand how people change as they age and how their mental and social skills evolve.
Developmental Milestones
A key concept in developmental psychology is...
Developmental Milestones
A key concept in developmental psychology is...
216
01:29Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
47
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
47