了解自闭症中的抑郁症:主观感知和前带皮层体积的作用
Yu Hao1,2,3,4, Sarah Banker1,2,3,4, Jadyn Trayvick3
1Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Research square
|October 7, 2024
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 患有抑郁症的成年人表现出改变了对社会互动和症状的自我感知,而不是可观察到的差异. 前带带皮层 (ACC) 的体积与ASD患者的抑郁和自我意识相关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与比一般人群更高的抑郁率有关.
- 这种差异的原因,特别是社会互动感知与客观行为的作用,尚不清楚.
- 前带状皮质 (ACC) 和杏仁核与ASD,抑郁症和社会功能有关,但它们在ASD中同时出现抑郁症的具体作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查抑郁症和没有抑郁症的自闭症成年人之间主观和观察到的社会功能和自闭症症状的差异.
- 检查ACC和杏仁体体积与自闭症成年人抑郁症和社会功能之间的关系.
- 探索自闭症谱系障碍中同时出现的抑郁症的神经基础.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及65名自闭症年轻成年人的研究 (均衡的性别比) 评估了通过标准化措施和实验室任务来观察和主观地对自闭症症状和社会表现的看法.
- 结构神经成像 (7-Tesla) 用于量化前带带皮层 (ACC) 和杏仁体的体积.
- 分析了大脑体积,抑郁状态和社会功能指标之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 患有抑郁症的自闭症成年人报告说,他们对自闭症症状的自我意识提高,对社交互动的主观满意度降低,但与没有抑郁症的人相比,观察到的社交行为没有差异.
- 更大的ACC体积与抑郁症有关,增加了对ASD症状的自我意识,以及较差的主观社会满意度.
- 杏仁体体积与临床医生评估的ASD症状有关,但与抑郁状态无关.
结论:
- 对自闭症症状和社会互动的主观感知在自闭症成年人的抑郁症中起着重要作用,独立于可观察到的行为.
- 前带皮质 (ACC) 似乎是这种人群中抑郁症和自我意识的关键神经相关物.
- 研究结果表明,ASD内的抑郁现象类型存在潜在的异质性,并强调神经成像在区分这些表现中的实用性.
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