C. elegans epicuticlins 在角细胞外基质中定义了特定的部分,并在伤口修复中发挥作用
Murugesan Pooranachithra1, Erin M Jyo1, Nicolas Brouilly2
1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
概括
EPIC蛋白质是线虫皮质的关键组成部分,有助于屏障功能和伤口修复. 缺少它们会损害皮肤的完整性和受伤后的生存能力.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物化学 生化学
背景情况:
- 顶端细胞外基质 (aECM) 在上皮质中形成保护性的外层,对屏障功能至关重要.
- 在线虫中,皮质是外部的aECM,具有富含脂质的表皮质.
- 皮皮蛋白 (EPIC蛋白) 是一种皮膜蛋白的家族,其作用在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 研究C. elegans三种表皮素的局部化和功能 (EPIC-1,EPIC-2,EPIC-3).
- 确定EPIC蛋白在皮层结构,屏障功能和受伤反应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 免疫定位研究以确定皮肤皮层内的EPIC蛋白质分布.
- 对缺乏EPIC蛋白质的零突变体进行分析,以评估屏障功能和脂质流动性.
- 对EPIC突变的表型分析,以应对皮肤受伤以及与其他突变 (例如Bli突变) 相结合.
主要成果:
- EPIC-1和EPIC-2定位在皮质表面,界面皮质和成人特有的支架上.
- EPIC-3在幼虫中表达,并定位在口腔的界面aECM中,在皮肤受伤时诱导表达.
- EPIC零突变体表现出降低的透性屏障功能,但正常的表皮细胞脂质流动性.
- 失去EPIC功能会加剧皮肤泡的表型,并降低受伤后的生存率.
结论:
- EPIC蛋白质是线虫aECM内特定皮质部分的组成部分.
- 这些蛋白质在保持皮肤屏障完整性和促进有效的伤口修复方面发挥着重要作用.
相关概念视频
Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells
2.7K
Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
2.7K
Phases of Wound Repair
5.9K
Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
Formation of Blood Clot
In case of deep injuries, trauma to blood vessels results in blood loss. In the meantime, phospholipids released from the ruptured endothelial cellular membrane are converted into arachidonic...
Formation of Blood Clot
In case of deep injuries, trauma to blood vessels results in blood loss. In the meantime, phospholipids released from the ruptured endothelial cellular membrane are converted into arachidonic...
5.9K
Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
2.2K
Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
2.2K
The Extracellular Matrix
8.9K
Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
8.9K
Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM
2.3K
Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of proteins and glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. MMPs are essential for the migration and proliferation of cells through the dense matrix network, throughout embryonic development, and throughout morphogenesis. The first MMP activity discovered was a collagenase in a tadpole's tail undergoing metamorphosis. The active collagen deposition and modifications lead to the morphogenesis of tadpoles into the adult...
2.3K
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces
2.6K
In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue.
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
2.6K


