在低和高输入条件下,将商业玉米杂交品种的农学特征的能力结合起来,以发展育种种群为目标
Luiz Silva Luz1, Helber Moreira Dos Reis1, Noé Mitterhofer Eiterer Ponce de Leon da Costa1
1Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
PloS one
|October 7, 2024
概括
巴西的玉米育种使用商业杂交. 这项研究评估了在不同含量下混合组合的能力,确定了开发改善玉米品种的关键亲系,以适应最佳条件和压力条件.
科学领域:
- 植物育种与遗传学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 植物生理学作物生理学
背景情况:
- 商业玉米杂交品是巴西育种计划的主要生殖血来源.
- (N) 的可用性是巴西热带地区玉米生产的关键限制因素.
- 了解结合能力对于开发适应不同N环境的玉米种类至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在对比的 (N) 输入下,评估十种商业玉米杂交品种的结合能力.
- 为了确定精英的父母杂交物种,以开发适合最佳和N-压力环境的繁殖种群.
- 评估结合能力和农业特征N输入水平之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 在两个夏季低 (LN) 和高 (HN) 条件下,对45种F1玉米交叉的农学特征进行评估.
- 使用混合模型方法估计一般组合能力 (GCA) 和特定组合能力 (SCA) 的方差组件.
- 预测GCA和SCA效应以确定优越的亲系和交叉组合.
主要成果:
- 在F1交叉中,应力显著降低了谷物产量 (GY) 33.25%.
- 显著的GCA x N输入相互作用被观察到GY,到花粉的几天,和植物身材.
- 特定组合能力 (SCA) 是HN下GY的主要变化来源,而在LN下并不显著.
结论:
- 选择的父母杂交物 (BAL188,BM3061,GNZ7210,BRS1060,DKB390) 具有有利于早期成熟和较低的身高的等位基因,对N条件都有好处.
- 确定了特定的交叉组合 (GNZ7201 x DKB390,AG1051 x NS70) 与GY的最小SCA,适合通过相互循环选择开发合成种群.
- 该研究为巴西的玉米育种计划提供了战略方法,以开发适应不同气可用性的品种.
相关概念视频
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
18.8K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
18.8K
Dihybrid Crosses
74.6K
Overview
74.6K
Trihybrid Crosses
23.2K
Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
23.2K
Monohybrid Crosses
229.8K
Overview
229.8K
Chi-square Analysis
38.1K
The chi-square test is a statistical hypothesis test. It is used to check whether there is a significant difference between an expected value and an observed value. In the context of genetics, it enables us to either accept or reject a hypothesis, based on how much the observed values deviate from the expected values.
The chi-square test was developed by Pearson in 1990.
The first step of performing a Chi-square analysis is to establish a null hypothesis, which assumes that there is no real...
The chi-square test was developed by Pearson in 1990.
The first step of performing a Chi-square analysis is to establish a null hypothesis, which assumes that there is no real...
38.1K
Light Acquisition
8.4K
In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
8.4K


