孕期糖尿病和多民族国家病例对照研究中的危险因素
Barbara M Daly1, Zhenqiang Wu2, Lynne Chepulis3
1School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
孕期糖尿病的风险在吸烟的非欧洲人,经济处于不利地位的妇女和城市居民中更高. 早期识别和查对于管理这种不断增长的疾病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 孕期糖尿病发病率正在上升,特别是在非欧洲人口中.
- 确定风险因素对于新西兰的有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定和量化与新西兰妊娠糖尿病相关的风险因素.
- 为了确定更高风险的女性GDM的早期检测和管理.
主要方法:
- 在新西兰 (2001-2010) 分析了超过60万例新生儿的全国数据集.
- 匹配的病例对照研究,将GDM妇女与没有GDM妇女进行比较,对年龄和分娩年份进行控制.
- 使用调整的几率比率 (95% CI) 进行统计分析,以确定风险因素的显著性.
主要成果:
- 与欧洲/其他女性相比,亚洲 (3.60),太平洋 (2.76) 和毛利 (1.23) 妇女的GDM几率明显更高.
- 在经济弱势 (1.44),未注册主管产妇护理人员 (1.16) 和吸烟妇女 (1.20) 中观察到增加的GDM风险.
- 农村地区 (0.83) 和偏远地区 (0.68) 的GDM几率较低,非新西兰居民女性 (0.78) 的GDM几率较低.
结论:
- 被诊断为GDM的女性更有可能是非欧洲人,经济处于劣势,居住在城市,未注册产妇护理,吸烟者.
- 建议在怀孕24-28周之间对有风险的妇女进行普遍的糖尿病查和针对性的75克葡萄糖挑战测试.
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