从全球和大陆的角度看,COVID-19期间船舶排放的变化
Wen Yi1, Tingkun He1, Xiaotong Wang2
1State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
The Science of the total environment
|October 7, 2024
概括
由于COVID-19和IMO 2020政策,全球航运排放量在2020年显著下降. 排放量减少是由巡航船和特定船舶类型推动的,与国际贸易模式存在相关性.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候变化 气候变化
- 海洋研究 海洋研究
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行和国际海事组织 (IMO) 2020年燃料切换政策在全球海事活动和航运排放中造成了重大转变.
- 了解这些变化的规模和驱动因素对于环境政策和海事法规至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析2019年和2020年全球船舶排放的时空模式和主要贡献者.
- 调查排放变化的潜在驱动因素,包括大流行和燃料政策的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用更新的大数据模型,船舶排放库存模型 (SEIM),分析全球船舶排放.
- 检查了时空模式,按污染物,船舶类型和运营状态 (巡航) 的排放减少.
- 分析了二氧化碳排放变化,与贸易的时间一致性以及大陆差异.
主要成果:
- 与2019年相比,在2020年观察到NOx,CO,HC,CO2和N2O (7.4%-13.8%) 的显著下降以及SO2,PM2.5和BC (40.9%-81.9%) 的急剧减少.
- 游轮占二氧化碳减排的90%以上;集装箱船,化学品油轮和Ro-Ro船是主要贡献者.
- 二氧化碳排放显示与流行病浪潮和国际贸易量相关的下降反弹模式,观察到区域差异.
结论:
- 全球船舶排放在疫情期间呈现短期波动,具有明显的时空演变和差异.
- 全球船舶排放量,国际贸易量和船舶运营状态之间存在强烈的相关性.
- 该研究强调了海上运营,全球贸易和环境影响之间的动态关系.
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