评估儿童的位置性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停:患病率,特征和危险因素
Qian Wang1,2, Guimin Huang3, Ruikun Wang4
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Nature and science of sleep
|October 8, 2024
概括
位置性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (POSA) 影响12.8%的儿童有阻塞性睡眠暂停 (OSA). 避免躺卧睡眠可能会减少POSA患者的呼吸暂停事件,强调睡眠姿势管理的重要性.
科学领域:
- 儿科睡眠医学 儿科睡眠医学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 是儿童常见的睡眠障碍.
- 定位阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (POSA) 是一种亚型,其中睡眠姿势显著影响呼吸暂停事件.
- 了解儿童的POSA特征对于有效管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定诊断为OSA的儿科患者中POSA的患病率.
- 为了确定与儿童POSA相关的危险因素.
- 与非定位性OSA (NPOSA) 相比,描述POSA的临床和多睡眠特征.
主要方法:
- 分析了一组1236名 (0-17岁) 接受过多睡眠扫描 (PSG) 的儿童.
- 包括908名呼吸暂停-呼吸暂停指数 (AHI) ≥1的患者,其中158人被诊断为POSA.
- 倾向分数匹配 (PSM) 创建了153名POSA和306名NPOSA患者的最终样本,以进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在小儿OSA群体中,POSA的患病率为12.8%.
- 与NPOSA患者相比,POSA患者的整体AHI较低,但卧底AHI较高.
- 患POSA的危险因素包括轻度的OSA,过敏/非过敏鼻炎和肥胖,POSA患者在非仰卧姿势中花费更多时间.
结论:
- 在儿童中,POSA比NPOSA更少流行,并且通常不那么严重.
- 睡眠姿势在POSA中显著影响AHI,躺卧姿势发生的事件更高.
- 儿科POSA的管理策略应考虑睡眠定位以减轻呼吸暂停事件.
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