在阿曼消除特有麻疹和红疹传播
Prakash K Patel1, Bader Al-Rawahi1, Noura Al-Farsi1
1Department of Communicable diseases, DGDSC, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
IJID regions
|October 8, 2024
概括
奥曼成功消除了麻疹和风疹,在2019年经过认证后保持了这一地位. 高的疫苗接种覆盖率和强大的监测系统是实现和维持消除的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 麻疹和风疹对全球健康构成重大威胁,需要强有力的消除策略.
- 保持高疫苗接种率对于预防特有传播和实现消除目标至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述支持在阿曼消除麻疹和红疹的五种证据.
- 验证阿曼是否符合淘汰标准,并评估认证后的可持续性.
主要方法:
- 对阿曼发烧和皮疹疾病 (麻疹和红疹) 国家监测数据库的描述性审查.
- 对病例数据 (零星和与爆发相关的) 的分析,疫苗接种覆盖率和病毒分离物的遗传测序.
- 对监控系统绩效指标的评估.
主要成果:
- 在2000年至2022年期间,阿曼报告了532例麻疹和73例红疹病例,麻疹主要发生在小型疫情中.
- 自2008年以来,麻疹疹红疹2 (MMR2) 疫苗接种覆盖率在全国范围内超过98.0%,确保了人口的高免疫力.
- 基因测序证实了 endemic 麻疹和红疹基因型的缺失,监测指标显示出高性能.
结论:
- 奥曼满足了消除麻疹和风疹的所有标准,并于2019年获得官方认证.
- 通过高的人口免疫力和高质量的监测系统,实现了持续的消除.
- 这些发现凸显了阿曼公共卫生战略在控制疫苗可预防疾病方面的成功.
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