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对新生儿TSH升高的方法:与缺乏国家的国际指南不同的观点
Cengiz Kara1, Hüseyin Anıl Korkmaz2
1Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology
|October 8, 2024
概括
新生儿对甲状腺功能低下的查面临着高TSH的挑战. 本综述提出了一种替代方法,以避免过渡性新生儿高thyrotropinemia (NHT) 的婴儿不必要的治疗,降低成本和工作量.
科学领域:
- 新生儿查 新生儿查
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 儿童甲状腺疾病 儿童甲状腺疾病
背景情况:
- 在新生儿查中降低的TSH切断值增加了轻度/过渡性甲状腺功能低下的检测.
- 目前治疗提升TSH (>20 mU/l) 的指导方针可能导致过度治疗,特别是在不平衡区域.
- 过渡性新生儿高thyrotropinemia (NHT) 是常见的,并且经常在没有干预的情况下消失.
研究的目的:
- 为新生儿在新生儿查期间检测到高TSH的新生儿提出替代管理策略.
- 区分先天性甲状腺功能低下症的暂时和永久形式.
- 减少不必要的治疗,长期随访和相关成本.
主要方法:
- 对新生儿甲状腺功能低下症的当前诊断和治疗指南的审查.
- 基于TSH和自由甲状腺素 (FT4) 水平,年龄和TSH趋势的分层管理方法的建议.
- 包括甲状腺超声波对于模两可的病例,以确定轻微的甲状腺发育不良.
主要成果:
- 轻度NHT (TSH<20 mU/l) 应在没有治疗的情况下进行监测.
- 适度的NHT (TSH 20-30 mU/l) 管理取决于年龄,TSH趋势和FT4水平,超声波有助于做出决定.
- 患有补偿性甲状腺功能低下症 (TSH>30 mU/l) 或持续性甲状腺功能过高症的婴儿需要用L-甲状腺素治疗,并进行仔细监测和潜在的重新评估.
结论:
- 拟议的替代方法旨在最大限度地减少过渡性NHT的过度处理.
- 这一策略可以显著降低医疗保健成本和临床医生的工作量.
- 准确的诊断和量身定制的管理对于优化新生儿甲状腺查结果至关重要.
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