在萨马拉地区的青少年中自我伤害行为和自杀倾向
Mikhail Sheifer1, Marina Pavlova, Tatiana Ashcheulova
1Samara Regional Psychiatric Hospital, Samara, Russia.
Psychiatria Danubina
|October 8, 2024
概括
俄罗斯青少年的自我伤害令人担忧,女性和不利的家庭环境是关键的风险因素. 非自杀性自我伤害 (NSSH) 增加了未来的自杀风险,突出了针对性预防策略的需要.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 青少年心理学 青少年心理学
背景情况:
- 自伤行为是一个重大的全球健康挑战,在俄罗斯观察到高患病率,特别是在青少年和年轻成年人 (15-29岁) 中.
- 自杀仍然是一个关键问题,是15-29岁人群死亡的第四大原因.
- 在脆弱人群中,了解与自杀倾向和非自杀自伤行为 (NSSH) 相关的具体统计数据和心理社会因素对于有效的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于萨马拉地区青少年自杀倾向和NSSH的统计数据.
- 为了确定第一次和重复住院的自我伤害和自杀行为之间的社会心理差异.
- 为青少年自杀行为提供诊断和预防策略的信息.
主要方法:
- 对2023年因自杀念头或尝试而住院的青少年进行了回顾性图表分析.
- 从医院记录中收集数据,确保青少年患者的样本多样化.
- 该研究的重点是确定与住院相关的关键人口,家庭和临床因素.
主要成果:
- 这项研究包括76名青少年,性别不平衡显著 (84.2%为女性).
- 慢性家庭冲突,而不是家庭结构,被确定为主要影响因素.
- 在重复住院患者中,非自杀性自伤行为更为普遍,而自杀思想在初次和重复入院患者中分布相似. NSSH的主要动机是寻求控制或缓解情感疼痛,只有2.6%的案件直接针对自杀.
结论:
- 女性性别,不利的家庭环境和NSSH病史是青少年自杀行为的重要危险因素.
- 虽然NSSH并非直接导致自杀,但它是提高未来自杀行为风险的关键指标.
- 这些确定的因素是青少年自杀行为诊断和预防的重要考虑因素.
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