身体紧张的蜜蜂在积极选择判断偏差测试中期望得到的回报较少
Olga Procenko1, Jenny C A Read1, Vivek Nityananda1
1Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Henry Wellcome Building, Framlington Place , Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|October 8, 2024
概括
受到压力的熊蜂表现出悲观的判断偏见,在面对模两可的线索时,寻求高奖励的可能性降低. 这项研究为昆虫的认知偏差提供了有力的证据.
科学领域:
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 认知科学是一种认知科学.
- 昆虫神经生物学 昆虫神经生物学
背景情况:
- 判断偏差测试用于推断动物的类似情绪状态.
- 关于昆虫判断偏差的先前研究受到动机和注意力变化等替代解释的限制.
- 需要一种新的判断偏差测试来控制昆虫中的这些混因素.
研究的目的:
- 为大黄蜂开发和验证一种新的判断偏差测试.
- 为了调查身体压力是否会导致大黄蜂的判断偏见.
- 为了确定是否压力诱导的判断偏见在蜜蜂的悲观主义的特点.
主要方法:
- 为大黄蜂开发了一种新的判断偏差测试,需要在模两可的刺激之间进行积极的选择.
- 熊蜂被训练在单独的房间中将不同的颜色与高或低的奖励联系起来.
- 身体压力和对照蜜蜂呈现了模两可的颜色,以评估它们的选择和反应模式.
主要成果:
- 与对照蜂相比,体力紧张的熊蜂在得到模两可的线索时,进入高奖励室的可能性明显低于对照蜂.
- 信号检测和漂移扩散模型表明,受压力的蜜蜂更容易选择低回报的位置.
- 信号检测分析显示,压力降低了受压力的蜜蜂获得高回报的估计概率.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了强有力的证据,证明大黄蜂存在判断偏见.
- 熊蜂的压力诱导行为是由于对更高奖励的期望减少而解释的,这与悲观的判断偏见相一致.
- 这些发现表明,昆虫中存在认知偏差及其因压力而发生的调制,远远超出脊椎动物的范围.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:31Confirmation Biases
6.0K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
6.0K
01:12Hindsight Biases
3.5K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now?
3.5K
01:09Decision Making: P-value Method
5.8K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses: a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses: a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.8K
01:22Bias
6.2K
Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
6.2K
01:29Self-Serving Bias
358
Self-serving bias is a cognitive phenomenon in which individuals attribute positive outcomes to internal factors such as their abilities, intelligence, or effort while attributing negative outcomes to external circumstances. This cognitive distortion helps maintain self-esteem but can also impede objective self-assessment.Theoretical Explanations of Self-Serving BiasTwo primary theories explain the self-serving bias: the cognitive explanation and the motivational explanation.The cognitive...
358
01:25Motivational Bias
492
Cognitive bias results from limitations in thinking and information processing, leading to systematic errors in judgment. Conversely, motivational bias stems from personal desires or emotions, causing distortions in perception to align with self-interest. Motivational bias influences how individuals perceive and attribute causes to events, often shaped by personal needs, goals, and self-esteem preservation. This bias can distort judgment, leading to inaccurate assessments of success, failure,...
492