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在土著和托雷斯海峡岛民中,抑郁和焦虑的可归因人口分数:基于人口的研究
Subash Thapa1, Kedir Y Ahmed1, Santosh Giri1
1Rural Health Research Institute (RHRI), Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, 2800, Australia.
The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific
|October 9, 2024
概括
较低的收入,切断的土著联系和肥胖症显著导致土著和托雷斯海峡岛民的抑郁和焦虑. 解决这些社会和文化决定因素对于减少精神疾病负担至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民的精神疾病发病率较高.
- 社会经济因素,种族主义和歧视是潜在的潜在原因.
- 这项研究是第一个计算该人口中抑郁和焦虑的人口归因分数 (PAF) 的研究.
研究的目的:
- 量化抑郁和焦虑的人口归因分数 (PAFs).
- 识别潜在的可修改风险因素,包括健康行为,社会/文化特征和不良事件.
- 为改善心理健康提供有针对性的干预信息.
主要方法:
- 采用2018-19年全国原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民健康调查的横截面研究.
- 使用后勤回归模型来计算赔率比率 (ORs).
- 人口归因分数 (PAFs) 通过调整的OR和流行率估计来计算.
主要成果:
- 对于抑郁症,关键的危险因素包括低收入 (PAF=13.4%),切断土著文化归属 (PAF=12.8%),中心肥胖 (PAF=7.2%),每天吸烟 (PAF=5.9%),以及切断土著知识获取 (PAF=5.2%),总共占病例的45%.
- 对于焦虑,显著的危险因素是低收入 (PAF=10.7%),获得医疗服务的限制 (PAF=10.6%),中心肥胖 (PAF=7.1%),切断土著知识获取 (PAF=5.7%),以及最近的歧视 (PAF=4.7%),占39%的病例.
- 分析了5362名年龄≥15岁的个体的加权样本.
结论:
- 解决社会经济差异,如收入和获得文化相适应的卫生服务至关重要.
- 恢复和加强与土著文化,知识和土地的联系对于心理健康至关重要.
- 公共卫生战略必须优先考虑减轻社会和文化伤害,以减少抑郁和焦虑的负担.
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