注意缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 的患病率:系统性审查和元分析
Sara Popit1,2, Klara Serod1, Igor Locatelli1
1University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
注意缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 的患病率在不同研究中存在显著差异. 方法上的差异,如诊断标准和采样,影响了儿童和成人多动症患病率的估计.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 患病率估计显示出显著的变化.
- 以前的审查将这种变化归因于研究方法,如诊断标准和损伤要求.
研究的目的:
- 在代表性儿童和成人样本中系统地审查和元分析ADHD患病率.
- 确定导致ADHD患病率估计变化的因素.
主要方法:
- 对报告ADHD患病率的研究进行系统审查和元分析.
- 包括使用DSM/ICD或同等工具的临床诊断标准的研究.
- 在PubMed/Medline搜索到2024年2月;注册在PROSPERO,并遵循PRISMA 2020指南.
主要成果:
- 103项研究与159个数据点被纳入了元分析.
- 总体ADHD患病率:在注册研究中为1.6%,在调查研究中为5.0%,在一阶段临床研究中为4.2%,在两阶段临床研究中为4.8%.
- 流行率估计因研究类型和方法学而异.
结论:
- 由于方法上的差异,在研究中直接比较ADHD患病率是具有挑战性的.
- 诊断标准和采样方法显著影响ADHD患病率估计,必须考虑.
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