美国,芬兰和中国的美利托克拉斯信仰:使用潜在阶级分析的多维方法
1Berkeley School of Education, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
The British journal of sociology
|October 9, 2024
概括
这项研究使用隐性阶级分析 (LCA) 揭示了美国,芬兰和中国的多样性功利主义信仰. 调查结果显示,个人对社会分层有着不同的看法,这影响了跨国比较和教育.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 社会分层的社会分层.
- 信念系统的信念系统.
背景情况:
- 传统的对功利主义信仰的方法往往是单一的,限制了细微的理解.
- 现有的研究可能无法完全捕捉个人如何感知社会分层的复杂性.
- 功利主义信仰的跨国变化需要复杂的分析方法.
研究的目的:
- 应用潜阶级分析 (LCA) 进行多维调查的功利主义信仰.
- 识别美国,芬兰和中国境内和境外的精英主义信仰的不同模式和类型学.
- 检查教育对这些多样化的功利主义信仰体系的影响.
主要方法:
- 隐性类分析 (LCA) 应用于国际社会调查计划 (ISSP) 2009年的数据.
- 对美国,芬兰和中国的功利主义信仰结构进行比较分析.
- 统计检查教育与识别的信仰类之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 确定了三种不同类型的功利主义信仰:纯功利主义,主要功利主义和双重意识.
- 显著的跨国变化出现了:芬兰 (纯粹的功利),美国 (主要是功利) 和中国 (双重意识占主导地位).
- 教育对功利主义信仰的影响因国家而异:在美国增强,在芬兰减弱,在中国不显著.
结论:
- 隐性类分析 (LCA) 提供了一个优越的多维框架来研究优秀的信念.
- 功利主义信仰在国家内部和跨国之间表现出显著的异质性,挑战单一维的假设.
- 了解这些不同的信仰体系对于准确的社会分层分析和政策制定至关重要.
相关概念视频
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
90.0K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
90.0K
Stereotype Content Model
14.0K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
14.0K
Regression Toward the Mean
6.3K
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.3K
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
37.5K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
37.5K
Friedman Two-way Analysis of Variance by Ranks
154
Friedman's Two-Way Analysis of Variance by Ranks is a nonparametric test designed to identify differences across multiple test attempts when traditional assumptions of normality and equal variances do not apply. Unlike conventional ANOVA, which requires normally distributed data with equal variances, Friedman's test is ideal for ordinal or non-normally distributed data, making it particularly useful for analyzing dependent samples, such as matched subjects over time or repeated measures...
154
Stratified Sampling Method
11.8K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
11.8K


