反侧干扰物引起的掩盖效应在参与者中与听力困难相比没有听力困难
Tetsuaki Kawase1,2,3, Chie Obuchi4, Jun Suzuki1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Ear and hearing
|October 9, 2024
概括
患有听力障碍的患者在对方耳朵中存在分散注意力的声音时,会经历更糟糕的语音理解能力. 现实世界听起来像音乐会比白噪声引起更大的掩饰,这表明当前的测试可能低估了听力挑战.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 语音感知 语音感知
- 临床听力学 临床听力学
背景情况:
- 听力困难的个体,即使没有外周听力损失,也经常在杂的环境中难以理解语音.
- 反侧 (对方耳朵) 听觉刺激可以显著影响语音可理解性,这种现象在某些患者群体中并未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查对侧边分心声音 (白噪声和音乐) 对听力障碍和健康对照者的语音可理解性的影响.
- 在这些组中比较不同类型的对侧声音的掩盖效应.
主要方法:
- 在15名听力障碍患者和15名对照参与者中测试了日本单音节的语音可理解性.
- 测试是在三个条件下进行的:没有对侧耳的声音,连续的白噪声和对侧耳的音乐刺激.
主要成果:
- 患有听力障碍的患者表现出明显减少的语音可理解性,与相反的白噪声和音乐.
- 与患者组中的白噪声相比,掩盖效应在音乐刺激中更为明显.
- 对照参与者在掩盖条件下表现出语音可理解性没有显著差异,尽管观察到音乐可理解性下降的趋势.
结论:
- 患者的增强掩盖效应表明,非外周机制参与了他们的听力困难.
- 现实世界的音乐声音比稳定的噪音更具破坏性,这表明标准的临床语音噪音测试可能低估了现实世界的听力挑战.
- 在临床试验中使用音乐或语音等复杂的声音作为掩饰可以更好地揭示受影响个体的听力困难.
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